The risks of designing for the real world 在现实世界中进行实战设计的风险 ) O( P, s H: f
- R! A1 j5 \+ ~. |. e& _ It is always risky to design something new. High flying jets and the use of aluminium were pretty new in those days. British engineers also failed to realise the effects of repeating decompression loads and stress concentrations on the fatigue strength of the aluminium airframe. Calculating for static loads was just not enough. 设计新颖的产品总会伴随着风险。如今,(作者用were pretty,过去时,应该是在过去谈论当今)高速喷气式飞机和铝材的应用仍然十分前沿。英国的工程师(应该指罗罗航空发动机公司)对铝合金机体的疲劳强度和重复减压负荷以及应力集中的关系仍然是认识不足。对静载荷的计算仍然不充分。 7 Y5 H. U/ Y7 v! d
D4 X0 o1 N1 j2 I6 S. i How did they calculate their airframe then? Computers were still in their infancy and FEA programs were not written yet. They had to use stress formulas and manual structural analysis tools. Even today, with our powerful computers and programs, it is not easy to analyse a structure as complex as an airframe. We have better research tools but the old problems and challenges are still there. 7 y4 |4 c' b6 @3 |# p; R7 m
那么他们是如何计算机体的强度?当时计算机还只是个雏形,有限元分析等计算工具尚未发明。他们只能手动进行受力分析计算。即便是今天,手握强大的计算工具和软件,对机体这样复杂结构进行(力学/结构)分析仍然是困难重重。研发使用的计算工具有了充足的进步但是那些老大难的问题依然没有解决
- w8 p% k+ t R# u5 P |