The uniform stress condition pictured in Fig. 1-2d exists throughout
9 k# V( z# M7 |0 b- \. K5 pthe length of the bar except near the ends. The stress distribution at the5 X8 U0 v5 n- ]1 n7 z+ O3 a4 P; ]
end of a bar depends upon how the load P is transmitted to the bar. If the U, E% K" r" x" g
load happens to be distributed uniformly over the end, then the stress- G7 d5 U* ^- @7 }( L( `
pattern at the end will be the same as everywhere else. However, it is( j+ _8 r: R3 K; G- j5 F/ V# X* p
more likely that the load is transmitted through a pin or a bolt, producing6 u& z: { N$ }/ C
high localized stresses called stress concentrations.3 _! D: r' _+ a0 _
& `: E6 {% G/ T- v8 L) @ |