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This book is written as an undergraduate course in phase transformations for final year students specializing in metallurgy, materials science or engineering materials. It should also be useful for research students interested in revising their knowledge of the subject. The book is based on lectures originally given by the authors at the University of Lulel for engineerins students specializing in engineering materials. Surprisingly we found no modern treatments of this important subject in a form suitable for a course book, the most recent probably being P.G. Shewmon's Tramformations in Metals (McGraw-Hilt, 1969). There have, however, been some notable developments in the subject over the last decade, particularly in studies of interfaces between phases and interface migration, as well as the kinetics of precipitate growth and the stability of precipitates. There have also been a number of important new practical developments based on phase transformations, including the introduction of TRIP steels (transformation induced by plastic deformation). directionally aligned eutectic composites. and sophisticated new structural steeIs with superior weldability and forming properties. to mention just a few. In addition. continuous casting and high speed, high energy fusion welding have emerged strongly in
( L3 y5 G5 g2 ~, Q# u4 N, z2 }7 Frecent years as irnportan t production applications of solidification. It was the objective of this course to present a treatment of phase transformations in1 O$ j E' r& B; Y7 j
which these and other new developments could be explained in terms of the basic principles of thermodynamics and atomic mechanisms.
. p! m7 J/ s9 p0 L* m The book is effectively in two parts. Chapters 1-3 contain the background material necessary for understanding phase transformations: thermodynamics," d2 m- o8 r7 J- Q p2 v, X
kinetic-., diffusion theory and the structure and properties of interfaces. Chapters 4-6 deal with specific transformations: solidification, diffusional transformations in solids and diffusionless transformations. At the end of the chapters on solidification, diffusion-controlled transformations and martensite, we give a few selected case studies of engineering alloys to illustrate sorne.of the principles discussed earlier. In this way, we hope that the text wil1:provide 9 useful- Link between theory and the practical reality. It should be stated that we found it necessary to give this course in conjunction with a number of practical laboratory exercises and worked examples. Scts of problems are aIso included at the end of each chapter of the book.0 O' r5 y, @8 u( |% [; z/ a9 ]7 Z
In developing this course and wriring the text we have had continuous support and encouragement of our colleagues and students in the Depariment
2 i u9 z ~/ ~" e. {+ ^% Qof Engineerins Materials. Particular thanks are due LO Agneta Engfors I for her patience and skill in typing the manuscript as well as assisring with the editing.! L L* R& |: H% R u# e8 W
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发表于 2009-1-29 16:09:31
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