碗形弹簧片定心夹具的设计计算
http://timg01.bdimg.com/timg?pacompress&imgtype=0&sec=1439619614&autorotate=1&di=a396c3d5df6b84c7f52dff71e91ffe67&quality=90&size=b870_10000&src=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.rmb.bdstatic.com%2F56fb080550f3bc063d874ebae55a2a22.jpeg%40wm_2%2Ct_55m%2B5a625Y%2B3L%2BWkueWFt%2BS%2BoA%3D%3D%2Cfc_ffffff%2Cff_U2ltSGVp%2Csz_15%2Cx_10%2Cy_10图1 碗形弹簧片自动定心装置简图①图1 a所示为碗形弹簧片定心装置的结构简图。它用于夹持工件的外圆。拧紧螺钉1,使碗形弹簧片2的中部向左变形,于是定位面d缩小,将工件定心并夹紧。这里四个支柱3用以对工件实现轴向定位。为增加弹性,在碗形弹簧片上开有许多交错排列的径向槽,见图1b。②图2所示为用于工件以大直径内孔作为定位基准的碗形弹簧片定心装置。拧紧螺母1,簧片2的外圆胀大,使工件定心并夹紧。③图3所示为与气动装置联用的碗形弹簧片定心装置。其工作原理与图2相似,但要靠弹簧1使碗形弹簧片2松开。这里碗形弹簧片用螺钉和销子固定在夹具体上,在装配后磨削定位面。④图4所示为用偏心杠杆机构操纵的碗形弹簧片定心装置,用于以外圆定心的工件。顺时针转动手柄1,偏心轴2推动杠杆3向下摆动,拉杆4下移,使碗形弹簧片5变形,定位表面的内径缩小,将工件定心并夹紧凸。http://timg01.bdimg.com/timg?pacompress&imgtype=0&sec=1439619614&autorotate=1&di=02c1058b1937e511321cfade41599d04&quality=90&size=b870_10000&src=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.rmb.bdstatic.com%2F07f9a7ba5a7a3280e6370c68b54859ac.png%40wm_2%2Ct_55m%2B5a625Y%2B3L%2BWkueWFt%2BS%2BoA%3D%3D%2Cfc_ffffff%2Cff_U2ltSGVp%2Csz_13%2Cx_9%2Cy_9图2 大直径碗形弹簧片自动定心装置http://timg01.bdimg.com/timg?pacompress&imgtype=0&sec=1439619614&autorotate=1&di=e0e860baef52b7ca926a00ac3a7bf705&quality=90&size=b870_10000&src=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.rmb.bdstatic.com%2Fabf1c758c9b71aff68622dcd06d50322.png%40wm_2%2Ct_55m%2B5a625Y%2B3L%2BWkueWFt%2BS%2BoA%3D%3D%2Cfc_ffffff%2Cff_U2ltSGVp%2Csz_11%2Cx_7%2Cy_7图3 与气动装置联用的碗形弹簧片自动定http://timg01.bdimg.com/timg?pacompress&imgtype=0&sec=1439619614&autorotate=1&di=6a6156ab9522bd6f8fae8151c53bbb62&quality=90&size=b870_10000&src=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.rmb.bdstatic.com%2F43b7ad6bd786a45b4b0c14fb29546446.png%40wm_2%2Ct_55m%2B5a625Y%2B3L%2BWkueWFt%2BS%2BoA%3D%3D%2Cfc_ffffff%2Cff_U2ltSGVp%2Csz_12%2Cx_8%2Cy_8图4 用偏心杠杆机构操纵的碗形弹簧片自⑤图5所以为与气动或液压装置联用的碗形弹簧片定心装置,用于以外圆定心的工件。当拉杆1下移时,其球面台阶拉动碗形弹簧片2的薄壁部分向下变形,使其上部定位表面的内径缩小,将工件定心并夹紧。http://timg01.bdimg.com/timg?pacompress&imgtype=0&sec=1439619614&autorotate=1&di=8a1be7f6122446eee43e92123ad880ae&quality=90&size=b870_10000&src=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.rmb.bdstatic.com%2Ff2939e2ea583f2a14b92d0ed54a7e762.png%40wm_2%2Ct_55m%2B5a625Y%2B3L%2BWkueWFt%2BS%2BoA%3D%3D%2Cfc_ffffff%2Cff_U2ltSGVp%2Csz_11%2Cx_7%2Cy_7图5 与气动或液压装置联用的碗形弹簧片弹簧片材料可选用65Mn,T7 A或GCr 15等,在大型夹具中也可用45钢,硬度热处理至40~45 HRC。弹簧片的结构主要参数可参照图6选用,表中尺寸代号见图1。碗形弹簧片装置的优点是定心精度高,最高可达0. 01 mrn,制造容易,夹紧力大。例如,外径130mm的碗形弹簧片可传递转矩T=9. 5N·m〔见图6),此转矩相当于6个同样直径的碟形弹簧片所能传递的转矩。http://timg01.bdimg.com/timg?pacompress&imgtype=0&sec=1439619614&autorotate=1&di=8027bd023deaa144a3ccf6cbcb01fa45&quality=90&size=b870_10000&src=http%3A%2F%2Fpic.rmb.bdstatic.com%2F6440d3b7cede74d683ed67661389ec93.jpeg%40wm_2%2Ct_55m%2B5a625Y%2B3L%2BWkueWFt%2BS%2BoA%3D%3D%2Cfc_ffffff%2Cff_U2ltSGVp%2Csz_15%2Cx_10%2Cy_10图6 弹簧片的主要结构参数及所传递的转这种装置的缺点为夹紧时原始力较大,用手动夹紧时,往往要用加长柄的扳手,用较大的力来拧紧螺旋机构;用气动夹紧时,往往要用较大的轴向力。另外,这种装置只能用于定位基准直径较大而短的工件。
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