燃油工业炉/窑改燃水焦浆的节能综合新技术

yxianlu 发表于 2007-8-22 09:09:00

燃油工业炉/窑改燃水焦浆的节能综合新技术<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p>
一、     项目概要：<o:p></o:p>
该项目拟将水－石油焦的混合物（水焦浆）作为重油的替代燃料，重点开发炼钢炉、陶瓷窑等工业炉窑改燃水焦浆的一系列高效节能清洁燃烧技术，以提高工业窑炉的热效率，实现低成本环保型高温燃烧的节能改造。该项目涉及高温空气燃烧（HTAC）和开发石油替代燃料的关键技术。在两年内形成一套燃油工业炉窑改燃水焦浆的成套燃烧节能新技术，基本实现1500套/年系列化水焦浆燃烧器和1000蒸吨/年燃水焦浆锅炉的生产能力。<o:p></o:p>
二、     项目的目的、意义及必要性:<o:p></o:p>
2.1  市场需求前景<o:p></o:p>
随着世界经济复苏的进程加快，全世界对能源的需求不断增长，近年来国际油价呈持续攀升态势。伴随工业化进程的加快和经济的快速发展，我国已成为能源消费大国和国际市场石油进口大国，未来我国对能源的需求仍将呈强劲增长态势。我国油气资源十分短缺，近年来油价持续上涨已严重影响国内工业生产并开始影响人民生活。据统计，2005年我国对进口石油的依赖已接近50%。专家预测，到2010年我国石油进口量将达到4亿吨，对进口石油的依赖率达到80%。为缓冲我国石油进口压力，保障能源与经济安全，亟需从我国经济发展的全局出发，结合我国资源、技术和经济条件，寻求行之有效的燃油气替代技术。<o:p></o:p>
我国能源利用效率较低，为33%左右，比发达国家低10％；单位产值能耗是世界平均水平的2倍多，比美国、欧盟、日本、印度分别高2.5倍、4.9倍、8.7倍和43%；能源是发展国民经济的重要物质基础。不适当的能源消费结构和落后的能源利用技术导致能源系统效率低、效益差、污染严重，削弱经济持续增长的能力。<o:p></o:p>
为实现能源、经济、环境的可持续发展，国家制定的“十一五”能源发展规划中确立了单位生产总值能源消耗比“十五”期末降低20%的目标。国务院通过的《能源中长期发展规划纲要（2004——2020年）》中将节约和替代石油、燃煤工业锅炉（窑炉）改造列入了十大重点节能工程之中。<o:p></o:p>
热工设备是消耗工业燃料的主要用户，中国主要的热工设备是各行各业的各种工业炉窑及热水、蒸汽、发电锅炉。据不完全统计，中国在用的工业窑炉目前有6万多台，年消耗燃料1亿多吨标准煤，所用燃料有煤、油、气、电，以煤居多，目前我国工业窑炉能源结构不合理、效率低、污染严重，缺少有力的治理措施，节能效果有限，成为国民生产的耗能大户，表1给出了我国工业窑炉单位能源消耗与发达国家的水平相比的大致情况,从表中数据可以看出,我国主要工业炉先进水平的单位能耗指标已接近或超过国外先进国家的水平,但先进和落后指标差距较大,说明我国的工业炉节能潜力很大。<o:p></o:p>
表1 我国工业炉能源消耗情况与国外的比较<o:p></o:p>
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类别<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 27.14%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 9.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="27%" colSpan=2>
单位能耗/tce.t-1<o:p></o:p></TD>
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类别<o:p></o:p></TD>
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单位能耗/tce.t-1<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.85pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
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国内平均<o:p></o:p></TD>
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国外平均<o:p></o:p></TD>
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国内平均<o:p></o:p></TD>
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国外平均<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.35pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 24.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.35pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
炼钢平炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.06%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.35pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
0.174<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 15.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.35pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="15%">
0.121（美）<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 21.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.35pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="21%">
轧钢加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.06%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.35pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
0.076<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 15.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.35pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="15%">
0.059（日）<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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炼钢电炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.06%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
0.331<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 15.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="15%">
0.23（美）<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 21.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="21%">
冲天炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.06%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
0.132<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.12<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 24.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.6pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
炼铁高炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.529<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 15.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.6pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="15%">
0.44（日）<o:p></o:p></TD>
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熔铝炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.42<o:p></o:p></TD>
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－<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 23.6pt">
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水泥窑<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.175<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 15.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 23.6pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="15%">
0.114（日）<o:p></o:p></TD>
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砖窑（每万块砖）<o:p></o:p></TD>
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1.32<o:p></o:p></TD>
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－<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 22.55pt">
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平板玻璃窑（每箱）<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.032<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 15.08%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.55pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="15%">
0.023（美）<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 21.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.55pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="21%">
日用陶瓷窑<o:p></o:p></TD>
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2.08<o:p></o:p></TD>
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－<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 23.5pt">
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石灰窑<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.179<o:p></o:p></TD>
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－<o:p></o:p></TD>
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台车式加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.520<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.28（日）<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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砂型干燥炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.06%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 22.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
0.53<o:p></o:p></TD>
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－<o:p></o:p></TD>
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台车式热处理炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.44<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.108（日）<o:p></o:p></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
这些热工设备燃烧后烟气所带走的热损失是热效率不高的主要原因。工业窑炉节能改造的内容很多，主要有热源改造、燃烧系统改造、窑炉结构改造、窑炉保温改造、烟气余热回收利用以及控制系统节能改造等项。工业窑炉各项节能改造措施所节约的是煤炭和石油资源，可以获得较好的温室气体CO2的减排效果，有益于缓解全球气候变暖，还可以减少NOX与总悬浮颗粒物的排放，有利于改善地区的生态环境。<o:p></o:p>
广东省是我国的经济大省，也是能源消耗大省。据统计，截止2003年底广东省的在用燃油/气锅炉为25，531台，总容量为34，959MW（折合49，941蒸吨）。若按每台利用率为80%计算，每年需要燃油2411万吨，这还不包括能耗大户之一的陶瓷生产企业工业窑炉的燃油消耗。其中，仅广州市有燃油/气锅炉6900余台，按照每台锅炉容量为2.5蒸吨计，每年需要消耗燃油833万吨（以柴油计）。2005年的油荒已经使广东深受其苦。国际原油价格还在不断攀升，目前已达75美金/桶历史新高。另外，佛山陶瓷是广东省在全国具有很大影响的产业，也是高能耗产业。佛山共有大大小小的陶瓷企业580多家，2005年因燃料价格上涨而使不少企业面临亏损。<o:p></o:p>
新型液态燃料水焦浆是以石油提炼的最终副产品——石油焦为原料，破碎成2mm以下的细粉，加入水及添加剂经过特定的工艺制备成的液体状燃料。石油焦组分是碳氢化合物，从结构和外观上可分为针状焦、海绵焦、弹丸焦和粉焦。自然干燥下水分﹤3%，灰分﹤1.12%，发热量﹥30.35MJ／kg（8000 ~ 8500kCal/kg）,挥发分11.03%，哈氏可磨性指数(HGI)为80。石油焦外观物理形态和煤相似，合格品和煤相比，普遍具有含碳量高、发热量高、挥发份低，含灰量低、含水量低的特点等特点。随着世界原油的重质化、劣质化和原油深度加工的发展，石油焦产量不断上升，我国出现了石油焦供过于求的局面，鉴于市场对煅烧焦和优质焦的需求有限，剩余的石油焦都是燃料级的石油焦，是廉价的能源燃料。在欧美国家，燃料级的石油焦主要用于炼钢和水泥工业。在我国，结合我国具体国情，处置大批量石油焦的一个重要途径是将它作为电站锅炉或工业锅炉的替代燃料。特别是它的灰份低，在一些特殊场合，水焦浆较之水煤浆有独特的优势。如在炼钢炉中水煤浆的高灰份会破坏炼钢的气氛，在陶瓷窑里会使陶瓷的釉面粘灰，影响产品的质量。<o:p></o:p>
使用余热回收装置降低烟气排放温度是降低热工设备燃料消耗、减少烟气中污染物排放的有效办法。传统的方法是采用各种换热器回收余热，但效果不甚显著。高温空气燃烧技术（High Temperature Air Combustion）是国际上90年代迅速发展的高新燃烧技术，通过极限回收工业炉窑烟气的余热预热助燃空气或燃气，实现超高预热温度空气或燃气（>1000<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol">°C）和低氧浓度（2%～15%O2）条件下的贫氧状态燃烧，具有大幅度节能和大幅度降低烟气中Nox、 CO2排放量的双重优越性。<o:p></o:p>
该项目拟采用国际先进的高温空气燃烧技术，组织液态水焦浆的合理燃烧方式，对广州市及其周边区域内燃油/气热能设备（包括工业锅炉/窑炉）的现有和潜在用户进行改燃水焦浆的节能改造。如将现有燃油/气锅炉的10%改造为燃水焦浆，每年就可节约燃油80多万吨。该项目的优点是： <o:p></o:p>
（1） 采用炼油的最终副产品作为燃料，有效地利用了不可再生能源/资源。<o:p></o:p>
（2） 具有低灰份的水焦浆有水煤浆无可替代的应用优势。<o:p></o:p>
（3） 采用高效蓄热式余热回收装置，通过切换使高温烟气和冷空气交替流经蓄热体并进行换热，从而把原来上千度的排烟温度降低到200℃甚至更低的水平，最大限度地回收了高品质余热。从而达到大幅度节约能源（一般节能10%～70%），提高热工设备的热效率，同时减少了对大气的温室气体排放（CO2减少10%~70%）； <o:p></o:p>
（4） 通过组织贫氧燃烧，扩展了火焰燃烧区域，火焰边界几乎扩展到炉膛边界，使得炉内温度分布均匀；<o:p></o:p>
（5） 冷空气可以被预热到1000℃以上，甚至十分接近燃烧区的温度，造就了一种与传统发光火焰迥然不同的新火焰类型，并获得了优良的均匀温度场分布；<o:p></o:p>
（6） 通过组织贫氧燃烧，大大降低了烟气中NOx的生成和排放；<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -31.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list blank 21.0pt blank 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt">（7） 炉内平均温度增加，加强了炉内的传热，导致相同尺寸的热工设备，其产量可以提高20%以上，大大降低了设备的造价；<o:p></o:p>
2.2  社会经济效益<o:p></o:p>
按照国家工业锅炉行业协会提供的全国平均水平计算，随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，仅广州市每年新增的燃油/气锅炉就需要燃油124万吨。如果将这些潜在的燃油/气锅炉改燃水焦浆，这将是水焦浆的一个庞大市场。<o:p></o:p>
水焦浆作为燃油热能设备的替代燃料，每 1.18吨石油焦可替代1吨原油，推广应用可节约短缺的石油资源，达到资源合理利用。工业性试验证明，燃油锅炉生产蒸汽的费用为156元/吨蒸汽（原油价格按2350元/吨计），而改燃石油焦浆生产蒸汽的费用为96.37元/吨蒸汽（石油焦价格按810元/吨计，另加制浆及其他费用），燃水焦浆比燃油节约费用38%。水焦浆燃烧后烟气排放物中的烟尘和二氧化硫均不高（SO2含量为201.7mg/m3标，烟尘含量为43.0 mg/m3标），经济效益和社会效益显著。<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd">高温空气燃烧较之传统燃烧方式有巨大的优势，其比较见表2。<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 10.5pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-para-margin-left: 1.0gd">表2  高温空气燃烧较之传统燃烧方式<o:p></o:p>
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高温空气燃烧和传统燃烧的比较<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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技术<o:p></o:p></TD>
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项目<o:p></o:p></TD>
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传统燃烧<o:p></o:p></TD>
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高温空气燃烧<o:p></o:p></TD>
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应用效果<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 38.15pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 38.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowSpan=3>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
传热<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 38.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
提高炉膛温度<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 38.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
局部高温存在不可体<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 38.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
可提高炉内的平均温度且炉内温度均匀<o:p></o:p></TD>
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高传热率，高加热速度，炉子尺寸减小<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 30.25pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 30.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
脉冲燃烧特性<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 30.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
每控制段的烧嘴能力同时升降<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 30.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
每个烧嘴不受相邻烧嘴能力的影响 <o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 30.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
强化炉气循环，缩短加热时间，节能<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 37.7pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 37.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
 炉内温差<o:p></o:p></TD>
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 150～200℃ <o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 37.7pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
20～50℃<o:p></o:p></TD>
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提高加热质量，减少氧化烧损<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 28.5pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowSpan=2>
节能降耗<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p></TD>
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预热空气温度 <o:p></o:p></TD>
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250～550℃<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
900～1200℃<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
节能30％以上<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 37.2pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 37.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
减小或取消预热段<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 37.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
因集中预热而不可能<o:p></o:p></TD>
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分散式余热回收使极限余热回收可能<o:p></o:p></TD>
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设备尺寸减小，可节能，提高生产率<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 28.5pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowSpan=3>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
燃烧控制<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p></TD>
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调节比<o:p></o:p></TD>
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一般为1～1.5 <o:p></o:p></TD>
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最大可达到20 <o:p></o:p></TD>
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效率大大提高<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 28.5pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
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可分区域控制<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
因集中排烟而困难<o:p></o:p></TD>
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分散排烟容易<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.5pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
适应各种轧制节奏<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 32.8pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
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出炉温度控制<o:p></o:p></TD>
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热惰性大，不适应出炉温度频繁的变化 <o:p></o:p></TD>
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热影响性好，适合不同出炉温度的变化                       <o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 32.8pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
实现自由轧制过程<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 32pt; page-break-inside: avoid">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 32pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" rowSpan=3>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
环境控制<o:p></o:p>
<o:p> </o:p>
<o:p> </o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 32pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
<?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape id=_x0000_i1025 style="WIDTH: 24pt; HEIGHT: 17.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" o:ole=""><v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.wmz"></v:imagedata></v:shape>排放 <o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 32pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
自然排放<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 32pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
因咀烈的烟气再循环可减少30％ <o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 32pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt">
减少<v:shape id=_x0000_i1026 style="WIDTH: 24pt; HEIGHT: 17.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image003.wmz"></v:imagedata></v:shape>摔放<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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<v:shape id=_x0000_i1027 style="WIDTH: 27pt; HEIGHT: 14.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" o:ole=""><v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image004.wmz"></v:imagedata></v:shape>排放<o:p></o:p></TD>
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低<v:shape id=_x0000_i1028 style="WIDTH: 27pt; HEIGHT: 14.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image006.wmz"></v:imagedata></v:shape>烧嘴<o:p></o:p></TD>
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低氧化燃烧实现的低<v:shape id=_x0000_i1029 style="WIDTH: 27pt; HEIGHT: 14.25pt" type="#_x0000_t75" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image006.wmz"></v:imagedata></v:shape>技术<o:p></o:p></TD>
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　<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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燃烧噪音<o:p></o:p></TD>
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90~110dB<o:p></o:p></TD>
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因在炉内较大区域燃烧只有70～80dB<o:p></o:p></TD>
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降低噪音<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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总评估<o:p></o:p></TD>
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　<o:p></o:p></TD>
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节能控制，低污染等技术已很难突破 <o:p></o:p></TD>
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节能控制，低污染等方面有了重大飞跃<o:p></o:p></TD>
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是21世纪关键技术之一<o:p></o:p></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
我国钢铁，铁道、重型机械、汽车、有色金属熔炼加工等行业拥有各类工业炉窑12万台，有相当部分的工业炉窑热效率在40%以下，以每台设备采用蓄热式高温燃烧技术改造费用40万元计，将有400亿元的市场潜力。如以节能40%计，每年节能效益约100亿元；产品质量提高获得效益达20亿元/年；减少CO2、NOx 排放的效益达20亿元/年（其中减少氧化烧损效益15亿元/年左右）。总计经济效益达145亿元/年。采用蓄热式高温燃烧技术改造工业炉窑每年可减少CO2排放480万吨以上，减少NOx的排放7.5万吨。<o:p></o:p>
我国现有几十家大型石油化工企业。有各类工业炉窑4,000台以上，以每台炉窑设备改造费用200万元计，将有80亿元的市场潜力。石油化工企业采用蓄热式高温燃烧技术后，以节能15%计，可实现节能效益30亿元/年，间接经济效益达10亿元/年。预计采用蓄热式高温燃烧技术进行改造，其投资回收期约为2年。炉窑节能改造后，每年可减少CO2排放量120万吨以上，NOX的排放量减少2万吨以上。<o:p></o:p>
我国现有1万多家大小陶瓷企业，拥有各类陶瓷炉窑15000台。以每台炉窑采用HTAC技术改造费用50万元/台计，则有75亿元的市场潜力。如以节能30%计，每年可节能24亿元/年。产品质量提高，每年可获经济效益10亿元/年。采用HTAC技术改造或建造工业炉窑，投资回收期为2.2年。改造后每年可减少CO2排放140万吨以上，NOX的排放减少20000吨以上。<o:p></o:p>
高温空气燃烧技术显著的节能效果已经在许多行业的试点工程中得到了应证，以改造一个加热炉为例，加热炉原能耗高达3.21GJ/t。现采用蓄热式高温燃烧系统代替原有的普通燃烧器和换热器，加热炉经改造后，使流经蓄热体的烟气和空气双预热到1000℃以上，最大限度地回收余热,排烟温度降低到200℃以下，利用智能自动控制系统提高了能源利用率，降低产品单耗，减少CO2的排放。经测算，改造后的吨钢坯加热折算热耗为1.30GJ/t。预计年经济效益为600万元，年节约燃料6272.06吨标煤，减排CO2 4378.56吨，SO2 113吨，TSP88吨。<o:p></o:p>
据行内权威人士估计，国内有近700～800亿元的炉窑节能改造市场，改造后节能量可达到2,500万吨标准煤，年减排CO21,650万吨碳；综合经济效益有望达到450亿元/年。<o:p></o:p>
三、    国际相关技术水平、现状及发展趋势:<o:p></o:p>
工业窑炉是全球的能耗大户，因而工业窑炉的节能降耗受到世界各国的重视。总体来看，节能降耗技术主要体现在如下几方面：（1）优化燃料结构；（2）先进优质的耐火保温材料；（3）高温烟气余热的回收技术。首先，从工业窑炉的燃料来说，西方国家从50年代以后，工业窑炉的燃料已逐步淘汰了用煤，而代之以石油、天然气以及液化石油气等。例如：美国的工业窑炉主要采用天然气、液体燃料和电；法国采用重油、煤气、丙丁烷、天然气和电；意大利以重油、天然气和电为主；英国所采用的燃料有煤、天然气、液化石油气、丙烷和乙烷。亚洲国家，如日本，二次世界大战以前，工业窑炉的燃料以煤和木柴为主，近些年来，广泛采用重油作燃料。目前全球90%的工业燃料来自于化石燃料(石油、天然气、煤炭)，这种形势在今后20年内将不会改变。从国外能源消耗的趋势来看，石油和天然气的比例在逐渐增加，煤的比重逐渐下降。随着各国燃料工业的发展，世界石油消耗量的不断增加、原油的重质化、劣质化和原油深度加工的进展，石油焦产量不断上升。据有关资料报道,目前全球石油焦产量为70Mt/ａ，未来几年石油焦供应将显著增加,达到100Mｔ/ａ，将出现过剩局面。美国是世界主要石油焦生产国，70%产量为燃料级石油焦，硫含量在2%～5%，在世界主要石油焦进口国的日本和西欧也大体如此。在每年的石油焦贸易量中,燃料级石油焦约占总量的80%。石油焦曾经一度被视为工业废料，如何妥善利用，一直是化工和石油行业的技术难题，随着循环流化床技术的发展，为燃料级石油焦产品的合理燃烧应用提供了有利条件，另外，随着水焦浆技术的发展，促进了石油焦应用方面的研究，目前，西方国家主要将石油焦/水焦浆与循环流化床结合起来应用，而美国等少数国家也将燃料级石油焦/水焦浆用于水泥行业和电站锅炉，对于以水焦浆作为燃料在工业窑炉（如玻璃窑炉、陶瓷窑炉以及炼钢炼铁炉等）上的应用尚未见有文献报道。<o:p></o:p>
其次，工业窑炉的耐火保温材料质量以及烟气余热回收程度，直接关系到工业窑炉的热效率，目前，国际上工业窑炉的平均热效率为50％左右。工业窑炉热效率的高低在很大程度上决定于烟气余热的排放温度，依据烟气余热开发利用程度，国内外各种工业炉窑的节能技术发展大致经历了以下四个阶段，即烟气余热不利用阶段、采用换热器回收烟气余热阶段、采用传统蓄热室回收烟气余热阶段和采用高温空气燃烧技术回收烟气余热阶段等。有研究表明：炉内的烟气温度如果达到1200℃以上，排烟温度也以接近炉内的高温排入大气，这不仅浪费了大量的烟气显热，而且对环境造成了热污染，据测算，这类炉子的热效率一般在 30％以下。从本世纪六七十年代开始，采用集中式的余热回收方式进行烟气余热回收。即将工业窑炉产生的烟气引入集中烟道，利用烟气余热来预热空气或煤气，将一部分热量带回炉膛，从而提高炉子的热效率。采用的设备主要是间壁式换热器。在该方式下由于受到换热器的材质、抗热抗蚀能力和系统漏损等的限制，空气预热温度一般不会超过600℃，因而不可能进行充分的烟气余热回收。自七十年代始，蓄热式烟气余热回收技术得到发展，传统的蓄热室是用异型耐火砖砌成的砖格子，炉内排出的废气先自上而下通过砖格子把砖加热，经过一段时间后，利用换向设备关闭废气通道，使冷空气（或煤气）由相反的方向自下而上通过砖格子，格子砖把积蓄的热量传给冷空气（或煤气），从而达到预热的目的。传统蓄热室烟气余热回收技术虽然可以最大限度地回收烟气余热，达到节能降耗的目的，但由于采用砖格子作蓄热体，单位体积的传热面积小，体积庞大，综合传热系数低，换向时间长，单位时间蓄热体的利用率低，预热温度波动较大，投资高，现在只有少数蓄热式均热炉、大型锻造炉和个别敞焰无氧化炉上在应用。八十年代初，英国的 Hot Work Development 公司和英国燃气公司（British Gas）联合开发了一种再生燃烧器（高速切换型燃烧器），用于小型玻璃熔化炉中，节能效果十分显著。其后，这种燃烧器被广泛应用于英国和美国的钢铁和铝工业中。该技术可使燃烧空气预热温度在实际工业生产条件下，由600℃增加到 1000℃:以上，这是当时工业窑炉余热回收领域的一项重大技术进步，其它国家也相继开发和采用这项技术，应用对象涉及玻璃熔化、铝熔化、钢坯加热、垃圾焚烧等各种工业炉窑。这种早期开发的高温空气条件下的燃烧技术被称为“第一代再生燃烧技术”。这种早期开发的高温空气燃烧技术虽然大大提高了余热利用率，但也带来了以下问题：（1）预热风温比炉温低 200℃左右，不能实现所谓极限回收；（2）局部高温使高温预热空气燃烧下产生大量NOx气体，NOx是形成酸雨的主要原因，对人体和植物有很大危害。<o:p></o:p>
真正意义上的“高温空气燃烧技术”是在进入90年代以后，在原有高效节能技术的基础上，通过实现低NOx排放而发展起来的，即将节能和环保结合起来。该技术的核心是快速切换型蓄热式燃烧技术。所以，高温空气燃烧技术又称为蓄热式燃烧技术。日本NKK公司和日本工业炉公司于1985 年就开始进行了该技术的基础研发，合作研制以压力损失小，比表面积大的蜂窝体为蓄热材料，并提出了降低空气含氧量后进行燃料燃烧的新概念，于90年代初开发出同时实现极限余热回收和低 NOx燃烧的蓄热式烧嘴，并因此提出了与传统燃烧方式机理完全不同的高温低氧燃烧技术，从而开创了针对燃用清洁或较清洁的气体和液体燃料的工业窑炉和工业锅炉开发应用高温空气燃烧技术的新时代。使用这种蓄热式烧嘴的燃烧技术被称为第二代再生燃烧技术。日本一些大钢铁公司将该技术应用在大型轧钢加热炉上，普遍收到了节能30％，产量提高20％以上的效果。第二代再生燃烧技术与第一代再生燃烧技术相比，其主要区别表现在：<o:p></o:p>
（1）第一代再生燃烧技术的蓄热体采用小球状陶瓷材料，传热面积小；第二代再生燃烧技术的蓄热体为蜂窝状陶瓷体，传热面积大，可以提高预热空气温度，实现极限余热回收。<o:p></o:p>
（2）第二代再生燃烧技术提出高温低氧燃烧的新概念，在实际应用中，不仅提高了燃料利用率，而且可以降低NOx的排放量，减少环境污染。<o:p></o:p>
由于第二代再生燃烧技术具有的显著优点，它将成为工业炉窑今后技术改造开发应用的重点。到目前为止，日本已有几十家企业采用高温燃烧技术改造工业窑炉，国际上已有近千余台工业炉窑应用了高温空气燃烧技术。这项技术已日趋成熟,处于大力推广阶段，并得到了国际工业界和科学界的广泛关注，显示了广阔的应用前景。<o:p></o:p>
1982年英国Hotwork公司和British Gas公司合作，首次研制出了紧凑型的陶瓷球蓄热系统RCB(Regenerative Ceramic Burner)。系统采用陶瓷球作为蓄热体，比表面积可达240m2/m3，因此蓄热能力大大增强、蓄热体体积显著缩小、换向时间降至1～3min，温度效率明显提高(一般大于80％)，而预热温度波动一般小于15℃。在随后几年里，对该蓄热系统又进行了大量的实验研究并作了试用。在不锈钢退火炉、步进梁式炉上的应用均达到了预期的效果，取得了显著的经济效益。<o:p></o:p>
日本在1985年前后详细考察了RCB的应用技术和实际使用情况后，开始进一步研制。20世纪 90年代初，日本钢管株式会社(NKK)和日本工业炉株式会社(NFK)联合开发了一种新型蓄热器，称为高效陶瓷蓄热系统HRS(High-cycle Regenerative Combustion System)。在蓄热体选取上，采用压力损失小、比表面积更大的陶瓷蜂窝体，以减少蓄热体的体积和重量。为了实现低NOx排放，蓄热体和烧嘴组成一体联合工作，采用两段燃烧法和烟气自身再循环法来控制进气，效果很好。NKK进行了多次试验，对测得的数据进行了分析。结果发现，预加热后进入燃烧器的空气温度已接近废气排放温度。数据显示，空气预热温度达1300℃、炉内O2含量为11%时NOx排放量是40kg/m3。HRS的开发，不仅实现了烟气余热极限回收及NOx排放量的大幅度降低，而且这种新型燃烧器还引发产生了一种新的燃烧技术——高温空气燃烧技术HTAC(High Temperature Air Combustion)。HTAC技术也适合于旧炉改造。蓄热式燃烧器是采用蓄热体与烧嘴相结合的构造，它可以外挂蓄热式烧嘴的形式与旧炉炉型相结合进行改造。只需在炉子原有基础上，对炉体稍加改动即可。<o:p></o:p>
HTAC技术在燃烧条件、反应机理、火焰特征等方面均表现得与传统的燃烧技术不同。它是预热空气温度达到800～1000℃以上，燃料在含氧较低(可低至2%)的高温环境中燃烧。因为是在高温条件下，可燃范围扩大，在含氧大于2%时，就可保证稳定燃烧。燃烧过程类似于一种扩散控制式反应，不再存在局部高温区，NOx在这种环境下生成受到抑制。同时,在这种低氧环境下，燃烧火焰具有与传统燃烧截然不同的特征：火焰体积明显增大，甚至可扩大到整个燃烧室空间；火焰形状不规则，无火焰界面；常见的白炽火焰消失，火焰呈现薄雾状；辐射强度增加，火焰的高度辐射减少。整个燃烧空间形如一个温度相对均匀的高温强辐射黑体，再加上反应速度快，炉膛传热效率显著提高，而NOx排放量大大减少.<o:p></o:p>
日本工业炉株式会社于1992-1998年的六年间，在150台工业窑炉上应用其开发的高温空气燃烧器近900台套，取得10-30％甚至更高的节能效益。日本钢管株式会社采用此技术后节能25-45％，有毒气体排放物减少47％，成效引人注目。日本政府将高温空气燃烧技术列为国家"高效能工业炉开发"项目，由日本通产省新能源开发机构(NEDO)主持进行，并投巨资用于科研开发和工业性推广应用。其它发达国家和地区如美国、德国、瑞典以及台湾等都在加紧对这项技术的研究与开发。台湾工业研究院制订了10年规划，派人去日本培训，并在台湾大型钢铁企业的资助下，已经进行了4年研究，耗资近5千万新台币，取得了蓄热体材料、重油燃烧等方面的研究成果和在钢厂钢包等装置上应用的良好业绩。<o:p></o:p>
总的来说，对于在工业窑炉上应用水焦浆，并与高温空气燃烧技术相结合的研究尚未见有国外的文献报道和工程实例。<o:p></o:p>
四.        国内相关产品与技术发展水平、现状<o:p></o:p>
中国自二十世纪八十年代开始有国外译文介绍，八十年代中后期国内热工界也开始研究新型蓄热式技术，建立了专门的陶瓷球蓄热式实验装置。东北大学、北京科技大学、机械部第五设计研究院、冶金部鞍山热能研究院等对此技术都有研究，但是工业应用很少。1998年9月萍乡钢铁有限责任公司首次和大连北岛能源技术有限公司合作采用蓄热式燃烧技术进行轧钢连续式加热炉燃烧纯高炉煤气技术的开发研究，并率先在萍钢棒材公司轧钢加热炉上应用，在国内首次实现了蓄热式技术燃烧高炉煤气在连续式轧钢加热炉上的应用。此炉作为国内第一座蓄热式轧钢加热炉，尽管在许多方面还不尽人意，但应该说为国内蓄热式燃烧技术应用在冶金行业连续式加热炉开辟了先河；此后，国内有多家公司开展蓄热式燃烧技术的研究和在国内的推广应用，蓄热式燃烧技术逐渐成熟。如北京神雾公司的蓄热式烧嘴加热炉，秦皇岛设计院的蓄热式加热炉等。在蓄热式燃烧技术方面形成了一套较完善的设计思想和方法，蓄热式技术在工业炉上的应用，实现了高产、优质、低耗、少污染和高自动化水平，达到了燃烧工业炉三高一低（高炉温、高烟温、高余热回收和低惰性）的发展方向的要求。从90年代至今我们可以这样认为，蓄热式燃烧技术发展可分为下面几个阶段：<o:p></o:p>
（1）简单蓄热式燃烧系统，此系统蓄热室和燃烧器是分开的，换向系统庞大，换向控制系统复杂，可靠性差，换向时间长，热效率不高。<o:p></o:p>
（2）从自预热烧嘴发展的蓄热式烧嘴，此烧嘴在国外得到重视并发展到较高水平。如英国的RCB型烧嘴，美国的双蓄热床烧嘴等等。广泛应用于各种火焰炉，并取得了不错的效果。<o:p></o:p>
（3）把蓄热室和炉体有机结合一体，并有可靠换向系统的高效蓄热式燃烧技术，北岛公司在90年代初就有研究和应用，而国内首次成功地利用该技术燃用低热值的高炉煤气则是萍乡钢铁有限责任公司1999年建成的棒材轧钢加热炉，取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。在此之前国内尚无在轧钢连续式加热炉上燃烧纯高炉煤气先例。<o:p></o:p>
（4）把蓄热室和烧嘴有机结合一体，并有可靠换向系统的高效蓄热式燃烧技术，北京神雾热能技术有限公司于2000年成功的研制开发出适应国内工业炉窑的蓄热式燃烧器系列，形成了北京神雾蓄热式烧嘴技术体系，国内第一次应用该技术的企业是邯郸钢铁公司中板厂2000年改造的中板加热炉，取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。此后该公司又开发了多种蓄热式烧嘴，分别应用不同的燃料及行业，为蓄热式燃<o:p></o:p>
高温空气燃烧技术的一部分——新型蓄热式高温余热回收和空气预热技术(可统称为"高温回热"技术，Heat Regeneration)在我国已开始应用，因还没有与低氧浓度燃烧相结合，未成为大幅度节能和低NOX排放的全新型HTAC燃烧技术。原机械部第五设计研究院、北京科技大学等单位开发出的燃烧装置，在包括铁路系统的几座锻造加热炉上应用后，取得了余热回收率70-80％、节能(燃料)47-87.5％、装置热效率由原来的10-15％提高到40.4％、产量提高12.4-30％的巨大成绩。该技术还只是国际80年代末的水平。由于我国工业窑炉污染控制尚未提到议事日程上来，也没有相应的法规和标准，因此，高温回热技术在我国并没有发展成为国际上推广的"高温空气燃烧技术"，而依然属于常规燃烧技术的范畴，理论上也没有突破传统燃烧的框架。<o:p></o:p>
从国内的情况来说，我国工业炉窑更是能耗大户,全国90年代中期工业炉窑装备总数已达12万余台,年耗能占全国25％,其中燃料炉占工业炉窑总数的55％,能耗占92％,占全国23％。工业炉窑总体水平较低，虽有部分炉子达到国外当代先进水平，但尚属少数。<o:p></o:p>
我国工业窑炉的燃料结构具有以煤等固体燃料为主、液体和气体燃料次之的基本特征。燃煤工业炉窑占了约64％,而燃油、燃气炉窑仅为20％左右,总的趋势是燃油、燃气炉窑比例在逐步增加，但我国以煤为主的能源结构今后50年内不会有太大的变化。这种结构的不合理,给节能带来了很大的压力。从80年代中期到90年代中期的近十多年中,我国取得了相当的节能进步。例如轧钢加热炉节能39％,均热炉35％,锻造炉33％。平均热效率已经达到30％以上，尽管如此，与国际先进水平50％相比,差距还很大,节能潜力还很大。从燃料的角度来看，目前我国以水焦浆为工业窑炉的燃料未见有文献报道。<o:p></o:p>
我国工业窑炉的节能降耗技术，除了优化工艺、炉型结构、控制和管理,以及采用新型保温材料外,在燃烧方面主要采取的节能改进措施基本上属于常规技术。例如,采用各种先进的燃烧装置,在正常使用的前提下可取得约5％的节能效益。还有富氧燃烧技术、重油掺水乳化技术、高炉富氧喷煤粉技术、普通窑炉燃料入炉前的磁化处理技术等,取得了一定的节能效果。我国对于高温燃烧技术的研究工作主要是从1995年以后开始的,起初只是从蓄热燃烧、节能降耗和提高燃料的适用性方面进行工作, 到近两年才开始对低氧浓度燃烧的火焰特性和燃烧机理等方面进行深入研究。从1999年开始,主要在我国钢铁行业的大、中型连续加热炉改造时成功地应用了蓄热燃烧技术。表2是部分企业应用蓄热燃烧技术的情况。<o:p></o:p>
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序号     <o:p></o:p></TD>
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企业名称<o:p></o:p></TD>
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炉类型 <o:p></o:p></TD>
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产量t/h<o:p></o:p></TD>
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燃料种类 <o:p></o:p></TD>
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蓄热材料<o:p></o:p></TD>
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投产时间<o:p></o:p></TD>
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效果<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
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1<o:p></o:p></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt -0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.05pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd" align=center>韶关钢铁公司三轧厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
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补热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 23.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
60<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 23.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt -0.1pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: 5.15pt list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.02gd" align=center>高炉煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 23.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
小球<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 23.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
1997 7<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 23.25pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.75pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
2<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
韶关钢铁公司三轧厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
65<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
高炉煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
小球<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
1999 10<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15.75pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
3<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt -0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.05pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd" align=center>涟源钢铁公司一轧厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
85<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt -0.1pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: 5.15pt list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-para-margin-left: -.02gd" align=center>混合煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
小球<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2000 1<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
节能35%<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.4pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
4<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
邯郸钢铁公司中板厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center>80<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
混合煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
蜂窝体<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2000， 1<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.4pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
节能32%<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 28.1pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
5<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
石家庄钢铁公司中型厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -1.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.09; mso-para-margin-left: -.1gd" align=center>加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center>70<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
高炉煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center>小球<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2001 8<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 28.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
6<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
唐山钢铁公司中型厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -2.4pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.2; mso-para-margin-left: -.23gd" align=center>加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
85<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
高炉煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
小球<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2001 12<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
7<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.01; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd" align=center>南京钢铁集团三轧厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
70<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
高炉煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
小球<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2001 4<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
8<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -5.4pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.45; mso-para-margin-left: -.51gd" align=center>鞍山钢铁公司中型厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center>80<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
混合煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
蜂窝体<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2001<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
9<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.01; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd" align=center>三明钢铁公司高线厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -1.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.09; mso-para-margin-left: -.1gd" align=center>加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center>150<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
混合煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
蜂窝体<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2002<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
10<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.01; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd" align=center>莱芜钢铁公司锻压厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -1.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.09; mso-para-margin-left: -.1gd" align=center>加热炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center><o:p> </o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
混合煤气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
蜂窝体<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2002 6<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
节能25%<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
11<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.01; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd" align=center>北京某铝业公司<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -1.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.09; mso-para-margin-left: -.1gd" align=center>熔铝炉<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center>5<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
重油<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
小球<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2002，7<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
节能50%<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 15pt; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 6.82%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="6%">
12<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 24.74%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="24%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -0.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.01; mso-para-margin-left: -.01gd" align=center>成都无缝钢管厂<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 10.56%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="10%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 0.05pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -1.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: -.09; mso-para-margin-left: -.1gd" align=center>烤包器<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.5%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: list 31.5pt left 42.0pt 47.25pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0" align=center>90<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 14.96%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="14%">
天然气<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.84%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
蜂窝体<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 12.9%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="12%">
2002，5<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; WIDTH: 8.66%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; HEIGHT: 15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" width="8%">
<o:p> </o:p></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
　从上表可以看出，我国已在轧钢加热炉、均热炉、热处理炉、锻造炉、钢包烘烤器等工业窑炉上,成功应用了蓄热式燃烧系统。其中,江苏苏钢集团、山东莱芜钢铁公司等厂新建成的蓄热式加热炉，均采用了较先进的与炉体一体化的高效陶瓷蓄热式燃烧系统。另有多座经改造后应用了蓄热式燃烧装置的炉子,有许多是将原来烧重油或焦炉煤气经过提高空气预热温度(或空、煤气预热温度)改造为单一烧高炉煤气的，如韶钢三轧补热炉及开坯加热炉原烧重油，济钢三轧厂加热炉原烧重油，合肥钢厂小型连轧加热炉原设计烧混合煤气，江西萍钢线材加热炉原烧重油等，都因采用蓄热燃烧系统后改为烧单一高炉煤气，将企业原来因无法使用而放散的高炉煤气利用，大大节约了燃料成本。<o:p></o:p>
综上所述，我国工业窑炉的蓄热式燃烧系统的研究现状总结起来有如下两方面：<o:p></o:p>
(1)我国主要在钢铁行业（包括轧钢厂、高线厂和锻造厂等）改建中安装了蓄热燃烧系统，且相当多的情况是迫于改烧单一高炉煤气的愿望，对炉型该如何配合还无经验，不可避免地存在燃烧组织，烟、风组织，炉子维护等方面的各种问题。在热处理炉、熔铝炉、玻璃熔窑、钢包烘烤器等设备上虽有应用，但还未获推广。液体燃料，如重油燃烧使用蓄热燃烧技术的相对较少，水焦浆燃烧与蓄热式燃烧技术的结合未见有文献报道，在陶瓷窑炉上采用高温蓄热式燃烧技术也未见有文献报道；<o:p></o:p>
（2）与日本、欧洲的先进HTAC技术相比，目前我国在用的蓄热式燃烧系统基本还停留在第一代的技术水平(相当于国际80年代末的水平)。我国的蓄热燃烧技术还没有真正与低氧浓度燃烧相结合，而依然属于常规燃烧技术的范畴，理论上也没有突破传统燃烧的框架。<o:p></o:p>

lynx91 发表于 2007-8-22 09:20:25

Re: 燃油工业炉/窑改燃水焦浆的节能综合新技术

很全面，谢谢楼主！

是搞加热炉的吗？

页: [1]

机械社区's Archiver

燃油工业炉/窑改燃水焦浆的节能综合新技术

Re: 燃油工业炉/窑改燃水焦浆的节能综合新技术