远思 发表于 2007-8-6 13:25:00

提高普通外圆磨床磨削精度的工艺措施

<P><STRONG><FONT face=宋体><SPAN class=bw1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p>提高普通外圆磨床磨削精度的工艺措施</o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P>
<P><STRONG><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT size=2>远思转&nbsp; </FONT></o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P>
<P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>超精磨削是利用砂轮工作面上可以修整出大量等高的磨粒微刃这一特性得以实现的。这些等高磨粒微刃可从工件表面切除具有微观缺陷和微观尺寸形状误差的微小余量,因此可获得很高的磨削精度,此外,由于等高磨粒微刃的大量存在,在磨削用量适当的前提下,可在加工表面留下大量极微细的切削痕迹,从而获得很低的表面粗糙度值。由于在无火花光磨阶段存在明显的摩擦、滑挤、抛光和压光作用,故可使表面粗糙度值进一步降低。</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">磨床的检修</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">床身导轨的检测与修刮</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">床身</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">V</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">形导轨经检修后应达到以下精度要求:垂直平面内不直度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">≤0.01mm/m</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">;水平面内不直度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">≤0.01mm/m</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">;对滑鞍座导轨的不垂直度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">≤0.02mm/250m</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">;接触点要求</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">12</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">14</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">/25mm×25mm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">床身平面导轨经检修后应达到以下精度要求:对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">V</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">形导轨的不平行度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">≤0.02mm/m</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">;垂直平面内不直度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">≤0.01mm/m</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">;接触点要求</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">12</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">14</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">/25mm×25mm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">滑鞍座导轨的检测与修刮</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">滑鞍座</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">V</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">形导轨经检修后应达到以下精度要求:垂直平面内不直度在全部长度上</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">≤0.01mm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">;接触点要求</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">10</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">12</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">/25mm×25mm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">滑鞍座平面导轨经检修后应达到以下精度要求:对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">V</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">形导轨的不平行度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">≤0.02mm/m</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">;接触点要求</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">10</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">12</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">/25mm×25mm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">砂轮主轴与轴瓦间的间隙调整</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">在砂轮主轴轴颈上涂色,与轴瓦转研,用刮刀刮研轴瓦表面,使接触点要求达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">12</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">14</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">/25mm×25mm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">,然后进行安装调整,将砂轮主轴与轴瓦的间隙调整到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">0.0025</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">0.005mm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">,这样可避免磨削中工件产生棱圆。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">砂轮主轴电机与砂轮的平衡</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">砂轮主轴电机的振动对磨削表面粗糙度影响较大,所以需要对砂轮主轴电机进行动平衡。对砂轮则需进行两次平衡:首先用金刚笔修整砂轮后进行一次粗平衡;然后用油石或精车后的修整用砂轮对砂轮进行细修后再进行一次精平衡。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">砂轮的修整</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">一般情况下,用只经过金刚笔修整的砂轮在普通磨床上只能磨出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">Ra0.4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">0.8μm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">的表面粗糙度。为使磨削表面达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">Ra0.02</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">0.04μm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">的粗糙度要求,就必须对砂轮进行精修和细修两次修整。修整方法可采用以下两种方法之一。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;1)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">用金刚笔精修、再用油石细修</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">砂轮粒度一般选用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">46</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">#~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">80</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">#。首先用锋利的单颗粒金刚石笔以微小而均匀的进给量对砂轮进行精修,以在砂轮磨粒上修整出较多的等高微刃。精修时,砂轮修整器的安装应正确合理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">(</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">见图</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2)</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">,每次进给量应控制在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">5μm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">,纵向进给速度建议选用最低速度。在精修过程中,应注意修整发出声音的变化。若发出均匀的沙沙声,说明修整状况正常;若发出的声音忽高忽低或渐高渐低,甚至发出不正常的嘟嘟声,则应立即检查工作台是否出现爬行,冷却是否充分,金刚笔是否锋利等,然后进行适当调整。经金刚笔精修后,再用油石</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">(</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">或砂条</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">)</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">进行细修,以在砂轮磨粒上修整出更多的等高微刃。油石需在平面磨床上磨平。细修时,油石必须与砂轮圆周表面平行,油石与砂轮轻微接触,缓慢地纵向移动</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">次即可。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">用金刚笔精修、再用精车后的砂轮细修</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">用金刚笔精修后,先用磨削长度与工件基本一致的芯轴进行锥度调整,然后用经精车后的砂轮进行细修。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">细修用砂轮可采用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">TL60</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">#</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">K</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">L</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">,直径约</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="mm" SourceValue="100" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">100mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">。精车砂轮时,将砂轮安装在卡盘上,将卡盘夹紧在一根自动定心的芯轴上,然后顶在精密车床的两个顶尖上进行粗、精车外圆,使砂轮外圆无偏摆。然后将精车后的砂轮顶在磨床的两顶尖上即可对磨削用砂轮进行细修。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">细修时,头架带动修整用砂轮转动,选用低转速</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">(</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">80</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">100r/min)</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">、小进给量</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">(</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">往复一次约</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2μm)</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">,工作台往复速度应低于</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="m" SourceValue=".3" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">0.3m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">/min</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">。需作多次往复修整。修整用砂轮与被修整砂轮的旋转方向应相同,即接触点两者的线速度方向相反。冷却液应充分,以冲走浮砂,防止磨削时砂轮上残留的浮砂拉毛工件表面。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">砂轮经精、细修整完后,可用手指顺着砂轮旋转方向轻轻靠近砂轮工作表面并作纵向移动,若手感平整光滑如触镜面,说明砂轮修整良好;若感觉有磨粒刺手,可用剪去</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2/3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">刷毛的漆刷轻轻刷去砂轮表面浮砂。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">磨削用量的选用</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">M131W</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">型普通外圆磨床进行超精磨削时,可保证有效达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">Ra0.02μm</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">表面粗糙度要求应选用的经验磨削用量</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><BR><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>磨削加工注意事项</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">操作时应密切注意砂轮与工件表面的接触状况。当工件表面刚与砂轮接触时,可听到连续的咝咝声,工件表面的水迹可被旋转的砂轮带走,同时可见到微弱的火花,此时即可加冷却液。冷却液宜选用浓度稍高的皂化液,使用前必须经过严格的清洁过滤。然后进给,每次进给量为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" UnitName="mm" SourceValue=".005" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">0.005mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">/</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">每双行程。至火花消失时,磨削完毕,此时将横向进给手轮向进给方向按住,使砂轮向工件微微压进,但不作进给,即等于对工件进行一次抛光,以进一步提高磨削表面质量。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">在环境温度较高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">(</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">如夏季</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">)</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">情况下进行磨削时,机床照明灯不宜靠近工件,以防止工件受热膨胀而影响磨削质量。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">如出现工件表面拉毛现象,说明冷却液不干净或砂轮表面有浮砂,应重新过滤冷却液或刷掉砂轮表面浮砂。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">如出现工件局部烧伤现象,可能是冷却液不充分或进给量过大,或砂轮钝化等原因所致。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=宋体><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??">&nbsp;&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5)&nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: ??; mso-hansi-font-family: ??">如加工后的工件表面局部出现细微波纹,可能是主轴松动、电机振动或其它原因造成的,可视具体情况采取相应措施加以解决。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ??"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>

向前冲 发表于 2008-8-11 07:49:39

这是一个理论加实践的好文章,为什么没有人来支持,这对维修人员及磨床操作工是很好维护指导。

lhj01 发表于 2008-9-10 20:20:35

学习了
谢楼主

luzuozhi 发表于 2008-10-31 18:55:37

谢谢分享,好东西

现在时间 发表于 2008-11-25 04:00:58

你是一个操作者,不是一个修理工.

117811294 发表于 2009-5-14 19:50:19

不错啊,辛苦了呵呵

向前冲 发表于 2009-5-25 16:38:22

不知楼主可否有亲身的体验,文章值得一看,谢谢。

youdai36 发表于 2009-9-10 21:21:03

我觉得导轨水平方向上的直线度比较重要,不知道垂直方向上的对精度有什么影响,还有滑鞍的精度应该对精度影响也不是很大,不知道我这个想法对不对,希望大虾指点

dgmxjx 发表于 2009-12-28 18:29:27

谢谢分享,好东西
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