我也来说说激光
<P> 激光：<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">激光加工是一种能束加工方法，具有亮度高、方向性好和单色性好的相干光，因此在理论上可聚焦到尺寸与光的波长相近的小斑点上。焦点处的功率密度可达<SPAN lang=EN-US>10<SUP>7</SUP></SPAN>～<SPAN lang=EN-US>10<SUP>11</SUP>W/cm<SUP>2</SUP></SPAN>，温度可高达万度以上。激光加工就是利用材料在激光聚焦照射下瞬时急剧熔化和气化，并产牛很强的冲击波，使被熔化的物质爆炸式地喷溅来实现材料的去除。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> </SPAN>激光原理起自<SPAN lang=EN-US>1917</SPAN>年爱因斯坦发表的光的受激发射理论，<SPAN lang=EN-US>50</SPAN>年代初的量子放大器实现了通过受激发射放大微波的作用，<SPAN lang=EN-US>60</SPAN>年代美国休斯研究所的梅曼应用了红宇石激光首次实现了振荡，取得了光放大的激光，为<SPAN lang=EN-US>70</SPAN>年代发展激光加工奠定了基础。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> </SPAN>产生激光束的器件称为激光器，它的种类很多，按其工作物质的不同可分为问体激光器、气体激光器、液体激光器、半导体激光器和化学激光器等<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>种。激光束的输出方式有脉冲、连续和巨脉冲等<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>种。</SPAN></P><P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">激光加工具有以下特点：<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 1</SPAN>）几乎对所有金属材料和非金属材料如钢材、耐热合金、高熔点材料、陶瓷、宝石、玻璃、硬质合金和复合材料等都可加工。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 2</SPAN>）加工效率高，可实现高速切割和打孔，也易于实现加工自动化和柔性加工。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 3</SPAN>）加工作用时间短，除加工部位外，几乎有受热影响和不产生热变形。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 4</SPAN>）非接触加上，工件不受机械切削力，无弹性变形，能加工易变形薄板和橡胶等工件。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 5</SPAN>）由于激光束易实现空间控制和时间控制，能进行微细的精密图形加工。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 6</SPAN>）不存在工具磨损和交换问题。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 7</SPAN>）在大气中无能量损失，故加工系统的外围设备简单，不像电子束加工需要真空室。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 8</SPAN>）可以通过空气、惰性气体或光学透明介质，故可对隔离室或真空室内工件进行加工。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> 9</SPAN>）加工时不产生振动和机械噪声。<SPAN lang=EN-US><BR> </SPAN>激光加工主要应用于打孔和切割，此外还有激光划线。图形刻划、修边、动平衡校正、热处理、激光焊接和打标志等多种用途。</SPAN></SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=center><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光切割的特点和切割参数</SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">切割缝细：激光切割的割缝一般在<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.10</SPAN>～<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue=".2" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>0.20mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">切割面光滑：激光切割的切割面无毛刺，表面粗糙度一般控制在<SPAN lang=EN-US>Ra</SPAN>：<SPAN lang=EN-US>12.5</SPAN>以上。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">速度快：激光切割的速度与线切割的速度相比要快很多。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">热变形小：激光加工的激光割缝细、速度快、能量集中，因此传到被切割材料上的热量小，引起材料的变形也非常小。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">激光切割不会与材料表面相接触，保证产品不划伤。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">适合大件产品的加工：大件产品的模具制造费用很高，激光加工不需任何模具制造，而且激光加工完全避免材料冲剪时形成的塌边，可以大幅度地降低企业的生产成本提高产品的档次。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">非常适合新产品的开发：一旦产品图纸形成后，马上可以进行激光加工，你可以在最短的时间内得到新产品的实物。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">节省材料：激光加工采用电脑编程，可以把不同形状的产品进行材料的套裁，最大限度地提高材料的利用率。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">适合激光加工的材料：激光可以对钢板、不锈钢、铝合金板、硬质合金等进行加工。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 21.0pt" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">．激光加工应用行业：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>） 目前开展激光加工的方面主要是电梯、自动扶梯、纺织机械、食品机械、轻工机械、冷冻机械、印刷机械、复印机械、交通机械、港口机械、运输机械、船舶机械、农用机械、筑路机械、搬运机械、环保机械及矿山、冶金机械等等的板金加工。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> （<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>） 其次是电子、电器业包括医疗仪表、器械以及控制柜箱等板金加工。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> （<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>） 电机制造业中各类转子、定子、叶片的切割成型。<SPAN lang=EN-US> <BR></SPAN> （<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>） 量具、刃具业中各类锯条锯片等切割成型。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> （<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>） 汽车制造业包括零件、总装合成和流水线中部件的制造，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> （<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>） 广告、装潢及工艺品制造业。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">激光切割的合理工作参数</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">除精细切割如切割硅片可用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">YAG</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">固体激光器外，激光切割一般采用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">CO2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">激光器，其工作参数主要有切割速度、切缝宽度和切割厚度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">）激光切割速度</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">它随激光功率和喷气压力增大而增加，而随被切材料厚度增加而降低。切割</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="6" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">6mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">厚度碳素钢钢板的速度达到</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="2.5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">2.5m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">/min</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">，而厚度为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="12" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">12mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">的钢板仅为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue=".8" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">0.8m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">/min</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">。切割</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="15.6" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">15.6mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">厚的胶合板为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="4.5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">4.5m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">/min</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">，切割</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="35" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">35mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">厚的丙烯酸酯板的速度则达</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="27" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">27m</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">/min</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">）切缝宽度</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">一般在</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue=".5" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">0.5mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">左右，它与被切材料性质及厚度、激光功率大小、焦距及焦点位置、激光束直径、喷吹气体压力及流量等因素有关，其影响程度大致与对打孔直径的影响相似。切割精度可达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">±0.02</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">～</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue=".01" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">0.01mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">）切割厚度</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">它主要取决于激光输出功率。切割碳素钢时，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">1kW</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">级激光器的极限切割厚度为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="9" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">9mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">1.5kW</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">级为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="12" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">12mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">2.5kW</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">级为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="19" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">19mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">2.5kW</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">级切割不锈钢的最大切割厚度则为</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="15" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">15mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">。对于厚板切割则需配置</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">3kW</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">以上的高功率激光器。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">）辅助气体提高切割效率和切口质量</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">由于金属表面的激光反射率可高达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">95%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">，使激光能量不能有效地射入金属表面。喷吹氧气或压缩空气能促进金属表面氧化，可提高对激光的吸收率来提高切割效率。增加吹氧压力还可使切缝减小，切割石英时，吹氧可防止再粘结。切割易燃材料时，可喷惰性气体防止燃烧，切割带有金属夹层的易燃材料，宜采用压缩空气。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">当吹气压力未超过某一数值时，增加压力可增大切割厚度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">对于熔点低、分解点低及导热性差的塑料、纤维、木材、布料等，一般应采用长焦距的锗透镜来聚焦激光束。</SPAN></P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光切割之切割材料</SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">虽然几乎所有的金属材料在室温对红外波能量有很高的反射率，但发射处于远红外波段<SPAN lang=EN-US>10.6um</SPAN>光束的<SPAN lang=EN-US>CO2</SPAN>激光器还是成功的应用于许多金属的激光切割实践。金属对<SPAN lang=EN-US>10.6um</SPAN>激光束的起始吸收率只有<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.5%~10%</SPAN>，但是，当具有功率密度超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>106w/cm2</SPAN>的聚焦激光束照射到金属表面时，却能在微秒级的时间内很快使表面开始熔化。处于熔融态的大多数金属的吸收率急剧上升，一般可提高<SPAN lang=EN-US>60%~80%</SPAN>。从而很迅速的对板材进行加工<SPAN lang=EN-US>.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN>）碳钢。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">现代激光切割系统可以切割碳钢板的最大厚度可达<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="20" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>20MM</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>，利用氧化熔化切割机制切割碳钢的切缝可控制在满意的宽度范围，对薄板其切缝可窄至<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue=".1" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US>0.1MM</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv>左右。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN>）不锈钢。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">激光切割对利用不锈钢薄板作为主构件的制造业来说是个有效的加工工具。在严格控制激光切割过程中的热输入措施下，可以限制切边热影响区变得很小，从而很有效的保持此类材料的良好耐腐蚀性。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN>）合金钢。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">大多数合金结构钢和合金工具钢都能用激光切割方法获得良好的切边质量。即使是一些高强度材料，只要工艺参数控制得当，可获得平直、无粘渣切边。不过，对于含钨的高速工具钢和热模钢，激光切割时会有熔蚀和粘渣现象发生。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN>）铝及合金。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">铝切割属于熔化切割机制，所用辅助气体主要用于从切割区吹走熔融产物，通常可获得较好的切面质量。对某些铝合金来说，要注意预防切缝表面晶间微裂缝产生。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN>）铜及合金。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">纯铜（紫铜）由于太高的反射率，基本上不能用<SPAN lang=EN-US>CO2</SPAN>激光束切割。黄铜（铜合金）使用较高激光功率，辅助气体采用空气或氧，可以对较薄的板材进行切割。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>）钛及合金。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">纯钛能很好耦合聚焦激光束转化的热能，辅助气体采用氧时化学反应激烈，切割速度较快，但易在切边生成氧化层，不小心还会引起过烧。为稳妥起见，采用空气作为辅助气体比较好，以确保切割质量。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">飞机制造业常用的钛合金激光切割质量较好，虽然切缝底部会有少许粘渣，但很容易清除。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">（<SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN>）镍合金。 <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">镍基合金也称超级合金，品种很多。其中大多数都可实施氧化熔化切割。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">非金属材料的激光切割</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR>10.6um</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">波长的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">CO2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">激光束很容易被非金属材料所吸收﹐导热性不好和低的蒸发温度又使吸收的光束能几乎整个传输入材料内部﹐并在光斑照射处瞬间气化形成起始孔洞﹐进入切割过程的良性循环</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR>2.1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">有机材料</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR><st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="30" Month="12" Year="1899">2.1.1</st1:chsdate></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">塑料（聚合物）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">激光切割对塑料加工有较大的吸收力﹐因为激光可以对任何复杂形状工件进行无接触的高速切割﹐激光作为一种高功率密度强热源﹐很快蒸发胶合剂﹐破坏材料的聚合链﹐实施切割</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">低溶塑料﹔在正确控制工艺下﹐可获无毛刺</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">气泡的底部切割边切缝光光滑平整</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">高强塑料﹔为了破坏其强的连接链﹐需要较强的光束功率密度﹐切割时由此产生燃烧﹐切边形成不同程度的碳化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">聚氯乙烯或聚乙稀﹔注意防止切割过程中产生有害气体﹐防止机器生锈﹐切割断面呈茶色﹐会有纤维丝产生</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR>2.1.2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">橡胶</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">切割时材料无接触﹐切割时无需担心工作的延伸和变形﹐防止切边发粘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR>2.1.3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">木材</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">激光能有效切割木材</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">层压板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">木屑板</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">无锯屑﹐辅助气体必须使用惰性的氮气﹐防止材料的燃烧</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">无机材料</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR>1.2. 1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">石英</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">热膨胀系数较低的石英材料比较适宜激光切割﹐切边质量好﹐切面光滑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR>2.2.2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">玻璃</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">对大多数玻璃来说﹐受激光热冲击后产生的裂纹</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR>2.2.3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">陶瓷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">陶瓷激光切割机制是可控向断裂﹐聚焦光点﹐引超定向加热梯度和高的机械应用力﹐使陶瓷这类几乎没有塑料的材料生成小裂缝﹐裂缝延着光点移动不断生成﹐最后把陶瓷切断﹐采用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">CO2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">激光束切勿使用高功率﹐否则将会出现龟裂导致切割失败</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">.<BR>2.2.4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">石头</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #31455a; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-ascii-font-family: Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma">不同类型的引石材料中含有水份﹐湿气由于激光束瞬间快速加热引起爆炸导致开裂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光切割之热影响与切缝</SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">激光束聚焦成很小的光点，使焦点处达到很高的功率密度。这时光束输入的热量远远超过被材料反射、传导或扩散的部分，材料很快加热至汽化程度，蒸发形成孔洞。随着光束与材料相对线性移动，使孔洞连续形成宽度很窄的切缝。切边受热影响很小，基本没有工件变形。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">切割过程中还添加与被切材料相适合的辅助气体。钢切割时利用氧作为辅助汽体与熔融金属产生放热化学反应氧化材料，同时帮助吹走割缝内的熔渣。切割聚丙烯一类塑料使用压缩空气，棉、纸等易燃材料切割使用惰性汽体。进入喷嘴的辅助汽体还能冷却聚焦透镜，防止烟尘进入透镜座内污染镜片并导致镜片过热。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">大多数有机与无机材料都可以用激光切割。在工业制造系统占有份量很重的金属加工业，许多金属材料，不管它是什么样的硬度，都可以进行无变形切割。当然，对高反射率材料，如金、银、铜和铝合金，它们也是好的传热导体，因此激光切割很困难，甚至不能切割。<SPAN lang=EN-US>(</SPAN>对于此类材料可以在材料表面涂上防反射材料进行切割）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">激光切割无毛刺、皱折、精度高，优于等离子切割。对许多机电制造行业来说，由于微机程序控制的现代激光切割系统能方便切割不同形状与尺寸的工件，它往往比冲切、模压工艺更被优先选用；尽管它加工速度还慢于模冲，但它没有模具消耗，无须修理模具，还节约更换模具时间，从而节省了加工费用，降低了生产成本，所以从总体上考虑是更合算的。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光切割的优缺点</SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">优点：</SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光束聚焦后形成具有极强能量的很小作用点，把它应用于切割有许多特点。首先，激光光能转换成惊人的热能保持在极小的区域内，可提供（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）狭的直边割缝；（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）最小的邻近切边的热影响区；（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）极小的局部变形。其次，激光束对工件不施加任何力，它是无接触切割工具，这就意味着：（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）工件无机械变形；（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）无刀具磨损，也谈不上刀具的转换问题；（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）切割材料无须考虑它的硬度，也即激光切割能力不受被切材料的硬度影响，任何硬度的材料都可以切割。再次，激光束可控性强，并有高的适应性和柔性，因而（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）与自动化设备相结合很方便，容易实现切割过程自动化；（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）由于不存在对切割工件的限制，激光束具有无限的仿形切割能力；（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）与计算机结合，可整张板排料，节省材料。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">缺点：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：成本较高，必须有辅助气体。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：无法完成成型拉伸。（现在有激光冲压复合机，不过好像太贵）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：速度相对数控冲床低一些。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光切割与加工工件的材料，精度，复杂程度有直接的关系，如果批量较小，加工复杂，要求精度高，选者激光切割机是明智的。反之车不然。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用来加工不锈钢是在好不过了？特别是</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="3" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3mm</FONT></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以上的！如果在冲床上？你想听听它的声音吗？如果在冲床上冲<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="mm" SourceValue="0" HasSpace="False" Negative="False" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on">３<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">mm</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN>的不锈钢要开的最慢！要不你的模具准备多点？激光切割的优点是声音小速度快，没有毛刺，不变形，不刮花材料的表层</SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=txt2><B><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光技术之光路传输</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></B></SPAN></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all">光路，是指光行驶的路径。</P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all">目前主要有混合光路、单臂悬梁飞行光路和龙门式飞路三种。混合光路采用工作台或工件<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">X</SPAN>轴运动，切割头<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">Y</SPAN>轴运动行光，在加工中存在工件运动，容易导致精度误差，且容易划伤板材，但是技术相对简单，造价低，目前国内激光设备生产厂主要提供这种形式的切割机供模切板行业。单臂悬梁飞行光路由于切割头的单点承重，设备刚性不足，一般需要特殊地基，而且在长期运行的稳定性不够。龙门式飞行光路是目前最成熟的技术，它有着速度快、刚性好及精度高等特点。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt"><BR> </SPAN>当然，在一个完整的系统中，还有很多要素需要评估，例如供应商对激光工艺的研究程度，针对各种材料的不同加工要求是否可以提供完整的解决解决工艺<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">;</SPAN>设备的整体性、长期稳定性<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">;</SPAN>抗电磁干扰能力<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11.5pt">;</SPAN>对环境的要求<SPAN lang=EN-US>……</SPAN>都需要我们进行考核。</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光加工的安全等级</SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN class=txt2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Class I</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：低输出激光（功率小于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.4mW</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），不论何种条件下对眼睛和皮肤，都不会超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">MPE</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">值，甚至通过光学系统聚焦后也不会超</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">MPE</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">值。可以保证设计上的安全，不必特别管理。典型应用如激光教鞭，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">播放机，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">CD-ROM</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设备，地质勘探设备和实验室分析</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仪器等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">Class II</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：低输出的可视激光（功率</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.4mW-1mW</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），人闭合眼睛的反应时间为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.25</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">秒，用这段时间算出的曝光量不可以超过ＭＰＥ</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">值。通常</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">ｍＷ以下的激光，会导致晕眩无法思考，用闭合眼睛来保护，不能说完全安全，不要直接在光束内观察，也不要用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Class <BR>II</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光直接照射别人的眼睛，避免用远望设备观察</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Class II</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光。典型应用如课堂演示，激光教鞭，瞄准设备和测距仪等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">Class III </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：中输出激光，光束若直接射入眼睛，会产生伤害，基于某些安全的理由，进一步分为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">III</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ａ和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">III</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ｂ级。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">III</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ａ级为可见光的连续激光，输出为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1-5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">ｍＷ的激光束，光束的能量密度不要超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">25</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ｗ／ｍ﹣ｍ，避免用远望设备观察</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">III</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ａ激</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">光，这样可能增大危险。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">III</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ａ的典型应用和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">Class II</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">级有很多相同之处，如激光教鞭，激光扫描仪等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">III B </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">级为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5<st1:chmetcnv UnitName="m" SourceValue="500" HasSpace="False" Negative="True" NumberType="1" TCSC="0" w:st="on">-500m</st1:chmetcnv></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Ｗ的连续激光，直接在光束内观察有危险。但最小照射距离为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">13</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">ｃｍ，最大照射时间十秒以下为安全。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">IIIB<BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光的典型应用如光谱测定和娱乐灯光表演等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><BR><BR><FONT face="Times New Roman">ClassIV</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：高输出连续激光（大于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">500mW</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">），高过第三级，有火灾的危险，扩散反射也有危险。典型应用如外科手术，研究，切割，焊接和显微机械加工等。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一般的激光设备应当有相应的安全保护措施：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）根据激光装置的级别，有关激光的安全或伤害具有充分的知识与认识的人来指导处理</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">. <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）三级以上的激光制作由有安全操作适当教育的人来执行。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）动作中的激光装置，假如不发出激光光，也不要探视光路中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）激光共振器的调整，光轴调低时，会突然发射激光。要经常注意眼睛的位置来处理。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）ＣＯ</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光使用眼睛看不到的红外光大型激光时，附近的人要特别注意。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <BR></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）不能避免反射光或乱射光时，在使用三级以上的激光时，可以使用保护眼镜。</SPAN></P>
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Re: 闲来无事－我也来说激光
以上的都是转贴，大家参考一下！下面我来聊聊自己对激光的看法和了解。我从2002年开始接触激光的，从小功率的二氧化碳激光器到YAG的到现在大功率的二氧化碳都做过！而且都到制造厂家接受过完整的技术培训！对整个行业的情况自认还是比较了解。下面就一一来说吧。
首先。聊聊小功率二氧化碳激光 这种激光器基本就两种，一种是玻璃管的封离式二氧化碳激光器 这种激光器价格很便宜， 大概几千块钱，光束质量较差。但激光器是耗材，现在可能能用到2000-8000小时不止。国内基本就能生产，一般用在刻章机，柔性雕版，非金属材料切割和服装领域，另外一种是射频金属二氧化碳激光器。一次充气可以用在18000小时以上，品牌以美国新瑞和宙斯为代表的！加上国外控制技术和传动精度的先进。这种产品一般用在电子行业的绝缘材料切割较多。
2:YAG的激光器我接触的都是小功率的设备，基本都用在打标，半导体，焊接等领域。YAG的优点是光束质量好，精细。缺点是激光功率都比较小，但目前是国内激光市场最大的一块，国内大族 泰德都是这方面的专家，YAG从泵浦方式可以分为灯泵浦和半导体泵浦，从晶体可以分为YAG和YV04的！国内做的半导体激光器技术都不是很成熟，基本以进口美国CEO的为主。焊接最强的就是FOFIN，这个公司70％的业务基本都是焊接的。当之无愧的激光焊接行业老大。哪位朋友想更多了解这方面的情况 可以跟帖提问，我来详细做达。
3：下面来了大功率二氧化碳的激光吧。这个行业是目前最有潜力的行业，大功率二氧化碳的用途在切割 焊接 表面强度硬化等个个方面。目前能做大功率二氧化碳激光器有名的厂家无外乎就那么几家，通快，三菱，rofin，松下等。从大功率二氧化碳的激发方式又可以分成DC直流激发和RF电磁激发2种。DC的优点是能耗少，三元气体纯度消耗成本低，但光束质量稍差，RF电磁激发恰恰相反，这对于大家挑选设备的时候对于成本的控制可以做一个借鉴。接下来就是光路系统，光路，是指光行驶的路径。目前主要有混合光路、单臂悬梁飞行光路和龙门式飞路三种。混合光路采用工作台或工件X轴运动，切割头Y轴运动行光，在加工中存在工件运动，容易导致精度误差，且容易划伤板材，但是技术相对简单，造价低，目前国内激光设备生产厂主要提供这种形式的切割机供模切板行业。单臂悬梁飞行光路由于切割头的单点承重，设备刚性不足，一般需要特殊地基，而且在长期运行的稳定性不够。龙门式飞行光路是目前最成熟的技术，它有着速度快、刚性好及精度高等特点。我是做马扎克的，马扎克的定长光路因为专利的问题。加上中国市场的设备太少，我也就不说了。想了解的下面回帖。还有就是控制系统，这个基本上都是拿来主义了，选用的无外乎西门子，法拉克等，大的激光公司可能控制系统厂家还专门为其做了系统优化。传动装置，分为齿条和丝杠传动，要论精度，一定是齿条比丝杠要差些，但定位速度和空驶速度一定是齿条比丝杠好。选择激光机的主要情况就是这三点了。 至于其他的软件什么情况都是要花钱的，还要看需要不需要。
我交大家一个看设备的窍门，在四个脚上放上大约需要切割最大厚度的待加工材料，每次用2分钟时间来加工一个，看切割的质量和效果，别太相信展会上看见的东西，那些演示的东西都是他们最擅长的东西。就这个行业来看，通快无疑是行业老大，要是资金充足的话，白超和普瑞码也很强。这三个基本在同一个水平上，个人看法通快第一，百超第2，普瑞码第3。接着第二档次的就是日本的产品了，天田，村田，马扎克，田中等。第三个档次就是团结普瑞码，华工等。各有自己的特点和优势，这个需要看具体的应用和经济状况了。
能想到就这么多了 还有什么问题下面回帖讨论吧
Re: 闲来无事－我也来说激光
说地很详细,是这个行业中的人,现在,大家的产品也就是那么几块,楼主说说未来的突破点在那里?要进入这个行业还有机会吗?Re: 我也来说说激光
其实钣金对激光要求是最低的，基本就是平面的切割，主要考虑的应该是产品的成熟程度和切割能力大小，稳定等几个方面。激光切割的突破还是在三位切割方面，比如管材的榫接以及复杂多面的激光加工，甚至到激光加工+机械刀具加工以及柔性制造单元和柔性制造生产线！行业只要存在一定有它的合理性。机会是肯定有的，重要的是你抱着怎样的态度。是不是能做到专精深。需要沉淀。Re: 我也来说说激光
说地有道理,管材的榫接也还是可以转成平面的问题,比较难的是变焦距的处理问题,大虾有何指教,愿闻其详,Re: 我也来说说激光
这个牵扯到加工中心方面的知识了，五轴联动控制，激光在360度能任意加工，更强的控制系统和光路补偿系统。这个是涉及多学科的技术应用了。变焦主要通快百超还是应用的飞行光路系统，通过计算机精确控制扩束镜来实现对焦点的精确来达到激光功率的补偿。从而达到精确切割的目的。Re: 我也来说说激光
补偿以后的测量是个大的问题,光--机联动在世界上也是个高技术的问题.Re: 我也来说说激光
呵呵 这样的问题再讨论就深了！得专家级的来回答了！我这个水平实在不够啦！其实每个学科要达到前沿阵地都需要很长时间的沉淀，我远远没达到这个水平。钣金行业我绝对比不上这里的专业人员，但激光的话，应该说了解的多一些。给大家一些建议。
Re: 我也来说说激光
高手，长见识Re: 我也来说说激光
身边 你好你的资料和总结非常详细。感谢分享！
可否介绍一下有关激光切割宝石方面的知识。谢谢！