全球竞争力排行榜,中国排名54
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中国迫切需要强者的思维禀赋</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">企业家强,则公司强;公司强,则国家强</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">- </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">文</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">/</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">王育琨</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">职业经理人</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 一个月内两次权威排行榜,轮番刺激着国人的敏感神经。先是世界经济论坛</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="26" Month="9" Year="2006"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2006</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">26</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">日</SPAN></st1:chsdate><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">发布的全球竞争力排行榜,中国落后印度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">11</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">位排名</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">54</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">。而时隔不到一个月,</SPAN><st1:chsdate w:st="on" IsROCDate="False" IsLunarDate="False" Day="21" Month="10" Year="2006"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">21</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">日</SPAN></st1:chsdate><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">哈佛全球商业竞争力排名推出,中国更被置于落后印度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">37</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">位的第</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">64</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">名。这两个权威机构的排名招致不少国人的非议。我们很容易在宽阔的广场、漂亮的城市、高位的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">GDP</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">、快速的经济增长上寻找到满足,但是,在创新能力、商业环境、金融市场、教育、吏治腐败、环境保护等一系列指标上,中国明显落后。排名固然有其本身的弱点,但是两次权威排行榜的类似结论,该让我们深刻反思。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 公司强,则国家强。对比中国和日本,让我有了更深的感受。日本经济高速增长的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(1950</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1980)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中,涌现了一大批世界级的企业家如松下幸之助、盛田昭夫、井深大、堤义明等,以及一大批享誉世界的品牌如松下、丰田、索尼、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">尼康、富士、三菱重工、日立等,而中国经济高速增长的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">26</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(1980</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2006)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">中,却鲜有世界级的企业和企业家出现?为什么号称“世界工厂”的中国,却少有世界级的品牌?难道中国经济不出世界级企业家?难道中国企业家的思维出现了问题?这里,我们暂且放下宏观环境和社会经济体制的反思,而从企业经营的微观视角,透视中国企业家的思维,以求寻找到部分答案。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> “血汗工厂”的天条</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">VS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">亨利·福特的异类</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 喧嚣了一段时间的富士康“血汗工厂”事件,随着第一财经日报与富士康发表联合声明,相互致歉而告终。媒体从那以后不再有富士康的报道。好像一切都随一起莫须有的起诉而烟消云散。可是事件的主角——</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">万富士康工人,依然每周工作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">个小时,拿着当地最低工资</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">500</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">600</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">元。依据中国《劳动法》规定,每日工时不超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">小时,平均每周工时不超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">44</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">小时!这样明显的违法行为,相关政府部门一直没有出面表态,反而对一起莫须有的诉讼,法院却采取迅雷不及掩耳的行动,查封被告资产。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 与国内媒体高高挂起形成鲜明对照的是,国际劳工组织继续质疑苹果公司的调查和结论,认为它可能偏袒制造商,正在呼吁第三方客观公正地调查。西方有评论家更惊呼“中国正在摧毁资本主义的道德底线”!当然,国际劳工组织也不是单纯为了富士康工人讨个说法,而是迫于欧美工会的压力,不让中国工人的低成本轻易抢了他们的饭碗。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 商业的天条的是压低成本增加利润。那些刚刚起步的作坊工厂,或许处在资本的原始积累阶段,或许要多榨取一点剩余价值,而富士康已经是世界级的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">500</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">强企业了,还置我们员工的福利于不顾,我们的人民还有机会提高福利层次吗?善良的人们有理由问,一国经济发展目的到底是不是增进人民的福利?亨利·福特在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年前就鲜明地回答了这个问题。他说,“不能提升人民福利层次的工业体制是失败的!如此失败的工业体制对社会又会有何利益呢?”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">亨利·福特</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年前的这一问,依然让我们无地自容。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 亨利·福特是一位平民出身的资本家。与时下那些声称“只为富人造房子”的中国开发商相反,支撑亨利·福特的是这样一个简单信念:制造一种为普通人设计的,买得起而又可靠的汽车。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1914</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">日,福特汽车公司董事会通过决议,郑重宣布:“本公司将实现</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元工作日!任何合格的福特汽车厂的工人不论年龄,不分工种,都能领到他自己的一份。”同时,公司废除了每天工作</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">小时制度,而代之以每天</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">小时三班倒制度。员工日薪</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元,当时是整个行业平均水平的两倍。亨利·福特的义举恰似冬天里的暖流,一时间底特律成了普通美国人心目中的圣地,他们要去拿高工资。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 当然,亨利·福特的做法极大地触动了既得利益群体。许多工厂主甚至福特汽车的股东批评福特,少发工资才能多给资本和国家带来利润。亨利为宣传自己,扰乱了市场秩序,破坏了商业的天条。而亨利·福特不为所动。他认为这种“天条”或积习是应该改变的,企业的发展只有立基于增进工人福利,才能够创造未来,低工资高工作量的企业注定是短命的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 当有人问福特:一个清洁工如何可以拿到那么高的工资?福特的回答是“较高收入可以唤醒他们的合伙人意识,积极主动地去收集地板上的小工具和小零件,这样清洁工每天可以为我们所节省的远超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元”。在亨利·福特看来,工人是一个为国家作贡献的公民,或许他还是一个成家的人,也许他已经有了孩子。将孩子培养成人的责任,必然要靠他所赚到的钱。这个国家的大部分人靠工资过活,一个国家的兴盛与这个国家人民生活水平有密切关系。福特的野心和自尊心是,付给工人的报酬应该比其他同行业的雇主还要多。亨利·福特把他的雇员当做合伙人,只不过那时的合伙人还没有低现金高期权的组合制度,而是直接表现为高现金收入。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 亨利从来是把商业放在一个更广阔的社会环境中把握,他深刻理解自己的责任。他决不仅仅是出于对一己私利的考虑。如果从赚钱的角度看,那现存体系就足够好了,他不会要求改变现在事情的组织的方式的。但是,他思考的出发点是为人民提供服务问题,现存体系并不能鼓励最佳服务,因为它鼓励每一种浪费,使很多人不能从服务中得到应有的报酬。为此他勇于站出来从人民福利的角度说话:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> “合众国的一切,诸如土地、人民、政府和企业,都只是人们选择的使自己生存更有意义的方式。政府永远只能作为人民的公仆,除此之外他别无选择。倘使人民成了政府的附属物,报复的法则便开始起作用——</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">因为这是一种缺乏道德的、反自然、反人性的关系。不论是企业还是政府,都是我们生活必需的,二者作为仆人被人们需要,就像水和米一样不可或缺。然而一旦他们成为主人,自然法则就遭到破坏。”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">亨利·福特《向前进》</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 福特的深刻在于,他已经洞穿了一国社会经济体制架构的根本:政府和公司都是提升一国人民福利层次的手段,都是公仆。一旦仆人成了主人,违背了自然法则,就是乱伦,就必然要遭到报应。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 福特所代表的资本的责任与良知,是一种真正的强者思维。公司尤其是大公司在所有主要国家的工业化过程中,都是一国经济发展和经济转型的主要推动力量。公司的推动作用不是空泛的社会责任,也不是象征性的福利捐款,而是通过公司成长,改变社会的生活样式,大幅度提高客户、雇员、股东的福利层次。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 贴牌生产的惯性</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">VS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">盛田昭夫的见好不收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 企业家的梦想和痴醉是可以改变世界的。关键是,企业家怀着怎样的梦想。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 当今全球化已经深入到了这个程度,就是所有企业都要在全球内整合资源搭建自己的供应链。在这个背景下,要么高擎品牌和技术主动去组合资源,要么有口饭吃就行被动参与全球化。富士康的贴牌生产的生产方式,实际上是一种被动卷入全球化的方式。贴牌生产使得中国代工</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(OEM)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">公司被彻底固定在利润最微薄的价值链的最底层。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 罗技鼠标是最好的范本。这是瑞士与美国合资的一家鼠标制造商,生产工厂设在苏州。该公司每年向美国运送</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">万个贴着“中国制造”标签的鼠标。罗技鼠标贡献了一个恒等式“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">40=8+15+14=<st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="3" UnitName="”">3<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN lang=EN-US>”</SPAN></SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">,有助于说明我们要讨论的问题。罗技鼠标在美国的售价约为</SPAN>40</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元,罗技凭借品牌拿走</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元,分销商和零售商拿</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元,另外</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">14</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元进入海外零部件供应商的腰包,中国从每只鼠标中仅能拿到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元,包括工资、电力、交通、税收和其他经常开支。公司的利润只有从这</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">美元中挤压。而电力、交通、税收是有刚性的,代工公司把利润的增减砝码全都压在了员工报酬的增减上。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 没有哪一个企业家不知道劳工价格低是一个竞争优势。可是,那些世界级的日本企业家却从来不依赖这个所谓的比较优势。他们干脆不屑于贴牌生产的业态。索尼和盛田昭夫是这方面的优秀代表。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 盛田昭夫的全球化经营思维,起始于盛田</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1953</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年的一次北美、欧洲旅行。战后盛田昭夫第一次去美国,他的感觉是不知所措。穿梭的轿车、宽阔的道路、遥远的距离以及直冲云天的建筑,高速发达的美国经济使他感到窒息。盛田满腹疑虑:一个小小的日本公司在这样一个巨大的国家里是否有生存的机会?而当时的日本制造,基本上是与小饰品及廉价仿制品联系在一起,他永远不会忘记那一刻产生的懊恼。当后来到了荷兰参观飞利浦公司,他惊奇地发现这个闻名世界的大企业集团总部,竟然设在古镇艾恩德霍枫,这里的规模和生活节奏使他觉得容易对付,心情也舒畅起来。他给井深写信:“如果飞利浦能做到,也许我们也能做到。”飞利浦启发了他:公司地点不重要,建立一个国际知名品牌至关重要。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1955</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">索尼在美国起步时茫然无措,找不到经销商。盛田昭夫放下所有的事情,自己去美国一家一家经销商接洽谈判。终于有了一个对半导体收音机感兴趣的,并且定单为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">万台半导体收音机,条件却是能够以经销商布罗瓦的名义销售,亦即索尼为这家美国公司做代工,理由是“没人听说过索尼”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">万台是一笔大订单,价值超过了索尼当时的总流动资本。那是索尼非常饥饿的年代,日本的董事会一致意见是盛田接受这笔订单。技术迷井深都饿怕了,禁不住这个巨大的诱惑,几次给盛田打电话,强调应该接受布罗瓦的条件。而对盛田来说,要紧的是让索尼的名字响彻全世界,公司在美国市场上尚未立足,此时的妥协将会招致索尼最终的失败。但是,盛田无法说服在日本的井深大和董事会,于是他决定行使自己的权力:拒绝这份订单。甚至威胁,如果董事会再行相逼,他就辞去董事职务。若干年后,盛田说:“拒绝</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">万台的订单是他在职业生涯中所做的最好的商业决策”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 最深刻的敌人,不是你的竞争对手,而是你自己的眼前利益。如果当时盛田昭夫选择了代工,可能后来我们就见不到索尼品牌了。因为习惯是一种最强大的力量,它会有一种惯性,驱使一个企业和一个企业家往明知错误的方向走。当我们的企业家遇到盛田昭夫这样的机会,大多数会选择接受订单,哪怕是做代工。这种思维和意识的差异,是平庸者与强者的分界线。中国企业家缺乏的正是这样一种强者的思维和意识。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 重资砸向媒体的品牌战略</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">VS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">世界级品牌的技术为本</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 中国商界名人在主流媒体上断言,“做多大的媒体,做多大的品牌”。这种意识不过是中国通行商业思维的翻版:投入多大的广告,占领多大的渠道,做多大的企业。这种商业思维是那样强势,以至于奥美总裁坦诚,“中国没有品牌”。这种现象在医药保健品、消费类电子、食品、房地产等行业尤其明显。医药行业新药的研发需要</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年的时间,需要长期持续投入,而见效期比较长,属于高风险行业。于是许多医药公司流行的做法是,花巨资请明星做广告,而在核心竞争力新药的投入上微乎其微,仿制成风,外包装一变化就定个高价出来,重中之重是花巨资打通渠道。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 这种商业思维近两年又有了新的发展,这就是中国企业家的快速明星化。个人的知名度,带来公司的知名度,进一步带来滚滚利润。这样一种恒等式,已经为其他行业的企业家所垂诞。企业家明星化,可谓八仙过海,各显神通。有一些是市场大潮推出的新宠儿,如黄光裕、陈天桥、丁磊、马化腾、余洪敏、李彦宏等,他们猝不及防的走红速度,常常令世人瞠目;有一些是企业与个人的名声交相辉映,如柳传志、张瑞敏、李东生、王石,以致人们常常疑惑是企业出品了明星还是明星让企业窜红;有一些则是个人品牌经营有道,而企业还不太出名,如潘石屹、冯伦、任志强、严介和等,他们时常出一些标新立异的思想,形成企业思想家族群,试图借此光大公司品牌。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 这样光大出来的品牌没有魂灵,没有支撑起一个伟大品牌的精神支点。索尼品牌的精神支点可以说明许多事情。在索尼历史上,寻找品牌精神原点的努力发生在索尼单枪三束彩管诞生的痛苦经历中,其间爆发了井深大与盛田昭夫的剧烈冲突。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 索尼</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1961</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年就开始了这一产品的开发,直到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1968</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年第一支</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="12" UnitName="英寸"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">英寸</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">单枪三束显像管才生产出来。在长达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年多的研究开发中,索尼承受了巨大的亏损,度日维艰。而井深大却不关心焦点以外的问题,坚持技术研究的需要而丝毫不让步。他带领一线技术人员忘掉销售目标,做他们愿意做的事情,以便创造出能让人感到惊喜的产品。井深与盛田之间的紧张状态显而易见地扩散着。如果充耳不闻巨额亏损的人不是井深,哪怕是自己的父亲或兄弟,盛田都会毫不犹豫地叫停。而面对井深,一种莫明的信托和尊重左右了盛田,他不得不动用广泛的社会关系筹措到索尼第一笔开发贷款</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">200</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">万美元。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 当首批显像管从装配线上下来时,井深大对研究组深深地鞠了一躬。井深不只是为自己团队的创造物而骄傲,也为在危机中他跟盛田的紧张与信赖而陶醉,更为索尼回归本源而庆幸。暮年的井深回忆,他在索尼最值得骄傲的事情,就是单枪三束彩色显像管的诞生。还在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1946</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">月,井深大的目光穿过噩梦般的废墟,把自己的梦想记在一个长达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">页被称为“创业计划书”的文件上。计划书提到,“组建公司的目的是创造理想的工作场所,自由、充满活力与快乐,在这里,富于献身精神的工程师们将能使自己的技能得到最大限度的实现。”这就是索尼文化的精髓,也是支撑索尼品牌的精神原点。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 对比索尼,中国品牌缺乏一种超越经济计算的精神追求,缺乏技术为本的品牌意志。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 砸向不动产的财富模式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">VS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">大生产的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 一国财富模式,决定了一国未来的竞争力。当欧美人甚至印度人的财富选择了集中投向教育资本、产业资本和金融资本,从而创造出日益强大的跨国公司,已然控制了资源的全球分配走势,而可怜的中国人却一窝蜂地选择了不动产财富模式,结果日益沦落为给跨国公司输送利润的机器!</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 一个人、一个公司或一个国家,所能够支配的东西归根结底不会超过你所拥有的。当一个人在打牌、网游、侃大山上花费太多时间,他在苦读、冥思、劳作上花的时间就一定有限;当一个公司在仿制、回扣上花费过多心思,它在研发、设计与品质管理上花费的时间就一定少;当一个国家在广场、门面工程、不动产上花的时间过多,他们花在生产、工艺、技术、研发上的时间就必然有限。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 根据江苏盐城最近公布的一些住房成本构成数据,住房的成本利润率接近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">100%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,而开发商的自有资金利润率超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">300%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">。而其他行业平均利润率不到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">10%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,利润远远低于房地产。国家的宏观政策错了,于是大量资金砸向房地产。由于房地产的利润高,其他行业的顶尖企业都把资金转向房地产,联想和海尔都开始做房地产。外资也开始向房地产囤积。这是一种错误的财富模式,它要毁掉中国经济。房地产的问题不是建设部能够解决的问题,应该站在更高的层面看待整体经济发展和产业布局。而且它还涉及到社会稳定问题。怎么解决房地产问题是对中国决策者的远见和魄力的考验。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 资金砸向了房地产,真正需求投资的自主研发就少有人问津了。更无法想象大生产的组织形式了。一般人都认为,服装是中国真正的强项,世界许多名牌都在中国寻找代工。以西班牙</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">为代表的一批另类时尚品牌突破传统束缚,堂而皇之地成为了时尚领导者。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2005</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年全球</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">个最有价值的品牌中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">位列</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">77</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">名。商业刊物把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">称为“时装行业中的戴尔电脑”。是什么原因让</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">能够在短时间内成长为极富竞争力的国际品牌呢?</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 一般的分析</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">成功的原因主要有五点:顾客导向,垂直一体化,高效的组织管理,强调生产的速度和灵活性,独特的价格策略。而实际上至关重要的环节是“极速”的供应链系统,大大提高了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">的前导时间。前导时间是从设计到把成衣摆在柜台上卖的时间。中国服装业一般为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">~</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">个月,国际名牌一般可到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">120</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">天,而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">厉害的是只有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">天。这是具有决定意义的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">12</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">天。服装王国和国际再大的服装品牌就是学不来,模仿不了。为什么?</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">有近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">400</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">名设计师,他们在一年中大约设计</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">12000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">种时装,这两个数字都要远远超过其他知名的服装品牌。这些设计师是典型的“空中飞人”,他们经常坐飞机穿梭于各种时装发布会之间,或者出入各种时尚场所。通常,一些顶级品牌的最新设计刚出来没多久,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">就会发布和这些设计非常相似的时装。这样的设计方式能保证</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">紧跟时尚潮流。据悉,在欧洲,每年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">都要向那些顶级品牌支付几千万欧元的罚款。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">并没有因此放弃这种设计模式——</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">从中赚取的利润要比罚款高得多。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">品牌管理策略,有一个著名的“三不”原则——“不做广告、不外包、不打折”。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">坚持将关键制造环节留在欧洲,而不是放在劳工成本相对较低的发展中国家,是促成其缩短前导时间的主要因素。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 原来,在西班牙的某个方圆</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="200" UnitName="英里"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">200</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">英里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">的地方,集中了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">家布料剪裁和印染中心,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">500</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">家终端生产厂。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">之道在于建立一个快速物流体系。其物流的方式或会让中国人瞠目:把这</SPAN><st1:chmetcnv w:st="on" TCSC="0" NumberType="1" Negative="False" HasSpace="False" SourceValue="200" UnitName="英里"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">200</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">英里</SPAN></st1:chmetcnv><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">的地下都挖空,架设地下传送带网络。每天根据新订单,把最时新的布料准时送达终端厂,保证了总体上的前导时间要求。许多品牌服装想模仿</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,可是却没有这样的生产基地。建设这样一个生产基地,需要投资达几十亿欧元。这种大生产思维,使得</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">品牌一骑绝尘。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 在中国,服装属于传统产业,大的投资根本不可能向其倾斜。为一个中端时装品牌投入如此巨额的资金更是不可想象。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 中国公司遭遇诅咒</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> VS</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">韩国三星变革突围</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 在中国公司的诸多思维惯性中,体制惯性是最难突破的也是最大的障碍。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 一道“对后来者的诅咒”,一直就笼罩在中国公司的上空。中国公司可以从发达国家那里模仿技术,可以模仿商业模式,可唯独就模仿不了制度。结果,美国经济学家沃森发现的“对后来者的诅咒”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">Curse To The Late Comer</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">,像是专为中国公司而设,我们的“后发优势”时常溜号,而“后发劣势”却像阴魂一样不肯离去。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 作为一种逻辑结果,内部人控制当道这个现代公司的顽症,在中国则发生了新的变异:不只是在国营公司所有权与经营分离导致内部人控制,也不只是在上市公司众多小股东无法对经营团队进行有效监督的情况下发生,而且在一股独大的民营公司中,因为大股东权盖一切层面也发生了内部人控制。董事会、监事会、独立董事、职工董事等等所有现代公司治理结构的新名词,都在我们的公司中获得了地位,可是我们的公司却更愿意把运动员、教练员与裁判合三为一,这样整合的直接后果,就是行政权威超过了经济理性与流程理性,从而极大地削弱了中国公司的竞争力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 深重的危机往往是一个公司的重要转机。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1997</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">年亚洲金融危机煎熬着三星电子。最严重的时候月亏损</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2.15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">亿美元。一般的观察评论是,三星的李建煦看到了廉价仿制品的死路。从那以后发奋狠抓研发,扩大设计队伍,抓住自主知识产权的企业思维,重新塑造了辉煌。而实际上,李健煦曾经进行了更为深刻的反思。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 当李健煦经过许多个不眠之夜的痛苦反思,他敏锐地注意到了庞大的三星的董事会,当时董事会成员有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">多人,都是清一色的高管,这些被感恩心态所统摄了的董事,渐渐形成了一种愚忠。李健煦痛苦地发现,他的这个家族公司,他这个大股东的利益,单纯靠他的那些生死弟兄不行,必须进行彻底的革命。李建煦注意到了美国的私人股权基金,一旦发现有没有充分发挥资产效益的经营团队,就对该公司发起收购,收购后首先改变公司治理结构,然后再重塑管理团队。在使公司价值提高以后,就脱手公司股权,盯住了新目标。这样一种力量保证了一流欧美跨国公司一般都具备双重视野,经营管理团队的战略把握与深耕细经视野,董事会的战略经营与观察考评视野。双重视野的重叠与互补,是一个现代公司制胜的关键。是人就可能犯错误,关键是在犯了错误后要出现及时的修复机制,不能让错误滑向深渊后再醒悟。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 发现了问题就着手解决问题。李健煦果断推进体制变革。三星董事会由原来的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">100</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">多人清一色的高管,到后来的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">24</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">人、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">人、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">14</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">人,现在为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">13</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">人,其中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">位为外部独立董事。三星的成功,与李健煦革掉于他自己的高管亲情的束缚,大胆起用外部独立董事,有着直接的关系。相同的案例有很多,新加坡淡马锡是国有企业实现一流经营的典范。淡马锡所凭借的,也就是一个全球公开招聘的公司董事会。一个公司的股东们,能够把公司的战略驾驭权,交托给公司外部行业精英的独立董事,是这些公司成功的不二法门。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> 企业家强,则公司强;公司强,则国家强。中国企业家与世界一流企业家,在企业思维、战略视野、流程建设、社会责任、学习本能等诸多方面呈现出差距。中国迫切需要强者的思维秉赋。我们需要亨利·福特的良知和社会责任,需要盛田昭夫自主品牌的意识,我们需要确立品牌科技含量的精神支点,我们需要</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">ZARA</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">大生产的思维,我们更需要李健煦革自己命的勇气与魄力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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Re: 全球竞争力排行榜,中国排名54
习惯于仿造,抄袭,靠干苦力,卖便宜货,迟早完蛋。Re: 全球竞争力排行榜,中国排名54
听余秋雨先生的透彻分析,我国是一个缺少创造性思维的民族,几千年的文化传统决定了的。对于创造这个东西,政府不鼓励,民间也不积极,一般大众的习惯是抄袭。任何的专利在我国都没用,感觉到专利的作用,也不过是一种自欺欺人的心理满足。
其实,没人知道路在何方,知道的可以说说。
Re: 全球竞争力排行榜,中国排名54
看了这篇文章,我对亨利·福特肃然起敬了,中国需要反思,中国需要象这样优秀的企业家,不是一个两个而是一群,中国才有希望。你看看他说得“合众国的一切,诸如土地、人民、政府和企业,都只是人们选择的使自己生存更有意义的方式。政府永远只能作为人民的公仆,除此之外他别无选择。倘使人民成了政府的附属物,报复的法则便开始起作用—— 因为这是一种缺乏道德的、反自然、反人性的关系。不论是企业还是政府,都是我们生活必需的,二者作为仆人被人们需要,就像水和米一样不可或缺。然而一旦他们成为主人,自然法则就遭到破坏。”(亨利·福特《向前进》)
我们的政府官员呢?我国的企业家呢?他们愿意成为人们需要的仆人吗?
Re: 全球竞争力排行榜,中国排名54
怀着沉重的心情读完此文
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