zht_udb 发表于 2006-11-2 23:56:02

齿轮渗碳质量控制

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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=blk12><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">表</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt">41 </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">齿轮渗碳中常见质量问题及解决措施</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt"><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><O:P> &nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN class=blk12>序号</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=blk12><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></SPAN></SPAN></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=blk12><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">缺陷形式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></SPAN></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=blk12><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产生原因</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN class=blk12><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">防止措施</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 24.75pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>1<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>层深不足<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>碳势偏低<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>渗碳温度偏低<SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>渗气不足<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>提高碳势检查炉温过长时间<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>2<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>渗层过深<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>碳势偏高<SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>渗碳温度偏高 渗碳时间过长<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24.75pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>降低碳势调整工艺缩短周期<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
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<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 61.5pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>3<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 61.5pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>渗层不均<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 61.5pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>炉内温度不均匀碳势不均匀工件相互碰撞气氛循环不佳齿面不洁渗碳时齿面结焦<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 61.5pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>炉内加导流罩<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>保证炉内温度气氛均匀<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>合理设计夹具，防治齿轮相互碰撞齿轮表面清洁或脱脂处理，严格控制渗碳剂中不饱和碳氢化合物<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 36pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>4<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" align=left><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>过共析＋共析层比例过大（大于总深度的<SPAN lang=EN-US>3/4）<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>炉气碳势过高，强渗和扩散时间比例选择不当<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>降低碳势，调整强渗，扩散比例，进行扩散处理<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 36pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>5<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>过共析＋共析层比例过小（小于总深度的<SPAN lang=EN-US>1/3）<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>炉气碳势过低，强渗时间过短或扩散温度过高<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>提高炉气碳势增加强渗时间，凡修补碳<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 24pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>6<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>表面有网状碳化物<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>炉气碳势过高，强渗时间过短或扩散温度过高<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>降低碳势，缩短强渗时间，适当提高淬火温度<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 24pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>7<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>表面残余奥氏体多<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>表面碳浓度过高或淬火温度过高<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>调整碳势，降低淬火温度，返淬用冷油，或冬天在户外冻冻<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 24pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>8<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>表面碳量过低<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>炉气碳势过低，炉温偏高，扩散时间过长<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>提高碳势，检查炉温，调整强渗和扩散时间比，补修<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 36pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>9<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>表层出现非马氏体组织<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>升温排气不充分，炉子密封性差，漏气，使表面合金元素氧化、淬火冷却速度低<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 36pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>维修设备，改进操作，减少空气进入炉内，适当提高淬火冷却速度<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 24pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>10<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>表层脱碳<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>渗后出炉温度过高炉子出现严重漏气，淬火时产生氧化<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>防治炉子漏气，降低出炉温度，控制控制淬火脱氧要充分，补渗碳<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 48pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>11<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>淬火表面硬度不足<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>表层碳浓度低，或脱碳淬火温度低或淬火温度过高残余奥氏体太多冷却不足，在加热保温时间不够等<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>碳浓度低者补碳，碳浓度高者扩参处理或调整淬火温度返淬，选用合理的冷却方式。体积软点者增加加热保温时间<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 24pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>12<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>心部硬度偏低<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>淬火温度过低，冷却速度不当，心部游离铁素体过多，选材不当<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 24pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>提高淬火温度，加强淬火冷却烈度更换材料<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 14.25pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.25pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>13<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.25pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>心部铁素体过大<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.25pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>加热温度不足保温时间不够<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 14.25pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>提高温度，延长保温时间，重新淬火<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 48.75pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 29pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48.75pt" width=39>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>14<O:P> </O:P></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 98pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48.75pt" width=131>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>组织粗大<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 165pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48.75pt" width=220>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>淬火温度偏高，粗晶粒钢<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 162pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 48.75pt" width=216>
<P class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN class=blk12>降低淬火温度，重新加热淬火，渗碳空冷后再加热淬火和在炉内冷却到<SPAN lang=EN-US>A1线以下再升温到淬火温度，以细化晶粒<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></SPAN></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR>
<TR class=blk12>
<TD class=ge12 align=left colSpan=2>&nbsp;</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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