常用测量器具的使用注意事项
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>常用测量器具的使用注意事项</SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></DIV><DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400>根据“测量器具的选择原则”<SPAN lang=EN-US>,选用适当的测量器具进行测量。测量器具的计量工作应遵循测量器具的保养、检修、鉴定计划,确保所用量检具精度、灵敏度、准确度。测量器具的正确使用方法,请参照使用说明书或相关参考资料,轻拿轻放、保持清洁、防锈、防振,合理存放保管。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>一、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>平板<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>钢制平板一般用于冷作放样或样板修整;铸铁平板除具有钢制平板用途外,经压砂后可作研磨工具;大理石平板不须涂防锈油脂,且受温度影响较小,但湿度高时易变形。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>0、1、2级平板一般作检验用,3级平板一般作划线用。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>平板安放平稳,一般用三个支承点调整水平面。大平板增加的支承点须垫平垫稳,但不可破坏水平,且受力须均匀,以减少自重受形。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>平板应避免因局部使用过频繁而磨损过多,使用中避免热源的影响和酸碱的腐蚀。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>5、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>平板不宜承受冲击、重压、或长时间堆放物品。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>二、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>样板直尺和平尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>样板直尺使用时不得碰撞,应确保棱边的完整性,手握持绝热板部分,避免温度影响响精度和产生锈蚀。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量前,应检查尺的测量面不得有划痕、碰伤、锈蚀等缺陷。表面应清洁光亮。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>平尺工作面不应有蚀蚀、斑痕、鳞片、凹坑、裂缝以及其他缺陷。平尺应无磁性。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>一般应按不同要求选用不同精度的平尺。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>三、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>直角尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>00级和0级直度角尺一般用于检验精密量具;1级用于检验精密工件;2级用于检验一般工件。</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用前,应先检查各工作面和边缘是否被碰伤。角尺的长边的左、右面和短边的上、下面都是工件面(即内外直角)。将直尺工作面和被检工作面擦净。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用时,将直度角尺靠放在被测工件的工作面上,用光隙法鉴别工件的角度是否正确。注意轻拿、轻靠、轻放,防止变曲变形。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>为求精确测量结果,可将直度角尺翻转<SPAN lang=EN-US>180度再测量一次,取二次读数算术平均值为其测量结果,可消除角尺本身的偏差。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>四、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>万能角度尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用前,先将万能角度尺擦拭干净,再检查各部件的相互作用是否移动平稳可靠、止动后的读数是否不动,然后对零位。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量时,放松制动器上的螺帽,移动主尺座作粗调整,再转动游标背面的手把作精细调整,直到使角度尺的两测量面与被测工件的工作面密切接触为止。然后拧紧制动器上的螺帽加以固定,即可进行读数。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量完毕后,应用汽油把万能角度尺洗净,用干净纱布仔细擦干,涂以防锈油,然后装入匣内。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>五、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>游标卡尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用前,应先把量爪和被测工件表面的灰尘、油污等擦干净,以免碰伤游标卡尺量爪面和影响测量精度,同时检查各部位的相互作用。如尺框和微动装置移动是否灵活,紧固螺钉是否能起作用等。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>检查游标卡尺零位,使游标卡尺两量爪紧密贴合,用眼睛观察应无明显的光隙,同时观察游标零刻线与尺身零刻线是否对准,游标的尾刻线与尺身的相应刻线是否对准。最好把游标卡尺量爪闭合三次,观察各次读数是否一致。如果三次读数虽然不是零,但读数三次完全一样,可把这数值记下来,在测量时,加以修正。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用时,要掌握好量爪面同时工作表面接触时的压力,既不能太大,也不能太小,刚好使测量面与工件接触,同时量爪还能沿着工件表面自由滑动,。有微动装置的游标卡尺,应使用微动装置。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>在游标卡尺读数时,应把游标卡尺水平地拿着朝亮光方向,使视线尽可能地和尺上所读的刻度线垂直,以免由于视线的歪斜而引起读数误差。最好在工件的同一位置多次测量,取它的平均值。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>5、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量外尺寸时,读数后,切不可从被测工件上猛力抽下游标卡尺,应将量爪张开后拿出;测内尺寸读数后,要使量爪沿着孔的中心线方向滑动,防止歪斜,否则将使量爪磨损、扭伤、变形或使尺框走动,影响测量精度。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>6、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>不能用游标卡尺测量运动着的工件。这样,容易使游标卡尺受到严重磨损,也容易发生事故。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>7、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>不准以游标卡尺代替卡钳在工件上来回拖拉。使用游标卡尺时不可用力同工作撞击,以防损坏游标卡尺。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>8、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>游标卡尺不要放在强磁场附近,(如磨床的磁性工作台上)以免使游卡尺感受磁化,影响使用。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>9、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用后,应将游标卡尺擦拭干净,平放在专用盒内,尤其是大尺寸游标卡尺。注意防锈、主尺弯曲变形。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>六、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>高度游标卡尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用前,应检查底座工作面是否有毛刺或擦伤,底座的工作面和检验用的平板是否清洁,量爪是否完好,是否紧固等。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>搬动高度尺时,应握持底座,不允许抓住尺身,否则容易使高度尺跌落或尺身变形。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量高度尺寸时,先将高度尺的底座贴合在平板上,移动尺框的量爪,使其端部与平板接触,检查高度尺的零位是否正确。然后,将尺框的量爪提高到略大于被测工件的尺寸,拧紧微动装置的紧固螺钉,旋动微动螺母,使量爪端部与被测工作表面接触,紧固尺框上的紧固螺钉,即可读得被测高度。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>划线时,装上划线量爪,按所需划线的高度尺寸调节尺框,先固紧微动装置的紧固螺钉,然后旋动微动螺母使高度尺寸准确地对准所需划线的尺寸,再将尺框紧固后即可进行划线。划线时底座应贴合平台,平稳移动。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>七、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>深度千分尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>用螺旋拧紧的可换测量杆,由于拧紧程度不同,直接影响示值。因此,在使用前或更换测杆后,必须进行校正。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量前,应清洁底板的测量面和工件的被测量面,并去除毛刺。被测量工件要具有一定的表面粗糙度。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量时,应使底板与被测工件表面保持紧密接触。测量杆中心轴线与被测工件的测量面保持垂直。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量杆的端部易磨损,应经常校对零位是否正确。零位的校对可应用圆筒式校对量具或采用二块尺寸相同的量块组合体进行。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>八、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>外径千分尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>在测量前,必须校对其零位,也即通常所称的对零位。对于测量范围<SPAN lang=EN-US>0~25毫米的千分尺,校对零位时应使两测量面接角;对于测量范围大于25毫米时,应在两测量面间安放尺寸为其测量下限的对量棒后进行测量。 调整零位,必须使微分筒上的棱边与固定套管上的“0”线垂合,同时要使微分筒上零线对准固定套管上的纵刻线。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用时应该用手握住隔热装置,否则会增加测量误差。一般情况下,应注意外径千分尺和被测工作具有相同的温度。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>千分尺两测量面将与工件接触时,要使用测力装置,不要直接转动微分筒。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>千分尺测量轴的中心线要与工作被测长度方向相一致,不要歪斜。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>5、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>千分尺测量面与被测工作相接触时,要考虑工作表面几何形状。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>6、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>在测量被加工的工件时,工件要在静态下测量,不要在工件转动或加工时测量,否则易使测量面磨损,测杆扭弯,甚至折断。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>7、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>按被测尺寸调节外径千分尺时,要慢慢地转动微分筒或测力装置,不要握住微分筒挥动或摇转尺架,以致使精密测微螺杆变形。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>九、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>杠杆千分尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量前应首先校对微分筒零位和杠杆指示表的零位。<SPAN lang=EN-US>0-25毫米杠杆千分尺可使用两测量面接角直接进行校对,25毫米以上的杠杆千分尺用0级调整棒或用4等量块来校对零位。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>杠杆千分尺直接测量是将工件正确置于杠杆千分尺测砧与测微螺杆之间,调节微分筒使表盘上指针有适当示值,并应拔动拔叉几次,示值必须稳定,此时,由千分尺微分筒的读数加上表盘上的读数即为工件实际尺寸。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>杠杆千分尺比较测量可用量块作标准调整杠杆千分尺,使测微杠杆指针位于零位,紧固微分筒后,在指示表上读数,可避免微分筒示值误差的影响,提高测量精度。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>成批测量应按被测工件的公称尺寸,调整杠杆千分尺示值(可用量块进行),然后,根据公差要求,转动公差带指杆调整节螺钉,调节公差带。测量时,只需观察指针是否在公差带范围内即可确定工件是否合格。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>5、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量曲面间或刃面间的距离,应摆动杠杆千分尺或被测工件,在指针的返折处读数。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>内测千分尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>校对零位时,应用经鉴定合格的标准环规或量块和量块附件组合体,不宜选用外径千分尺,否则不能保证其精度。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>内测千分尺测量内尺寸时,仅能按量爪测量面长度进行测量。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量时,测量位置必须安放正确。测量孔时,用测力装置转动微分筒,使量爪在径向的最大位置和在轴向的最小距离处与工件相接触。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>不得把两量爪当作固定卡规使用,以免量爪的量面加快磨损。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十一、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>内径百分表和内径千分表<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>在测量前须根据被测工件的尺寸,选用相应尺寸的测头,调整内径千分表零位。使用后也要对零位,以便观察内径千分表变化情况。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>在调整及测量工作中,内径百分表的测头应与环规及被测孔径垂直,即在径向找最大值,在轴向找其最小值。测量槽宽时,在径向及轴向找其最小值。具有定心器的内径百分表在测量量内孔时,只要将仪器按孔的轴线方向来回摆动,其最小值即为孔的直径。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>内径千分表读数值的精度比内径百分表高,更应注意使用不当带来的影响。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量杆外面是套管,套管外还有塑料管,手只能捏在塑料管上,不要将人体的热传到内径千分表测量杆上。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十二、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>百分表、千分表<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>百分表应固定在可靠的表架上,根据测量需要,可选择带平台的表架或万能表架。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>百分表应牢固地装夹在表架夹具上,但夹紧力不宜过大,以免使装夹套筒变形卡住测杆,应检查测杆移动是否灵活。夹紧后不可再转动百分表。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量前须检查百分表夹牢又不影响其灵敏度,为此可检查其重复性,即多次提拉百分表测杆略高于工件高度,放下测杆使之与工件接触,在重复性较好的情况下,才可以进行测量。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>在测量时,应轻轻提起测杆,将工件移至测头下面,缓慢下降测头,使之与工件接触。不准把工件强迫推入至测头下,也不准急骤下降测头,以免产生瞬时冲击测力,给测量带来误差。在测头与工件表面接触时,测杆应有<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.3~1毫米的压缩量,以保持一定的起始测量力。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>5、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测杆与被测工件必须垂直,否则将产生较大的测量误差。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>6、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量圆柱形工件时,测杆轴线应与圆柱形工件直径方向一致。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>7、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>根据工件的不同,应选择合适形状的测头进行测量。如可用平测头测量球形的工件,可用球面测头测量圆柱形或平表面工件,可用小测头或曲率很小的球面测头量测凹面或形状复杂的表面。测量薄工件时须在正反方向上各测量一次,取最小值,以免由于工件弯曲,不能正确反映其尺寸。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>8、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量杆上不要加油,以免油污进入表内,影响表的传动机构和测杆移动的灵活性。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十三、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>杠杆百分表和杠杆千分表<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测杆(杠杆短臂)的有交效长度直接影响测量误差,因此在测量工作中必须尽可能使测杆的轴线垂直于工件尺寸。如果由于特殊工件的测量需要或无法调整测杆轴线使工件尺寸与测量线重合时,可将测量值乘上相应修正值,对测量量结果加以修正。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>表的各工作面均不应有碰伤、斑点、锈蚀及明显的划痕等外观质量。测杆及指针的回转应灵活、平稳(无阻滞、跳动和卡住现象),测杆应能自其中央位置在不小于正负<SPAN lang=EN-US>90度范围内平稳的扭动,并且能在任意位置上作用可靠,指针与其回转轴的配合应牢固,表圈与主体的配合应无明显松动,并且转动平滑、静止可靠,表盒与表圈配合应紧密。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十四、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>圆锥量规<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>圆锥量规用于检验内、外圆锥的圆角实际偏差的大小和锥体直径。被测内圆锥用圆锥塞规检验,被测外圆锥用圆锥环规检验。圆锥角偏差的大小用涂色法检定。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>注意避免碰伤,远离磁场,用后擦干净,涂防锈油,装入盒内存放。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十五、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>圆柱量规<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>检验孔用圆柱塞规,检验轴用圆柱环规(卡规)。测量时,量规和工件测量圆柱面都应擦拭干净,涂油后对中轻轻塞入,不可强行用力。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量时,必须把通规和止规联合使用。只有当通规能够通过被测孔或轴,同时,止规不能通过被测孔或轴时,该孔或轴才是合格品。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>圆柱量规的保养存放同圆锥量规。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十六、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN> </SPAN>螺纹塞规、螺纹环规</SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>螺纹通规具有完整的牙型,螺纹长度等于被测螺纹的旋合长度;螺纹止规具有截短牙型,螺纹长度为<SPAN lang=EN-US>2个~3个螺距。螺纹通规用来模拟被测螺纹的最大实体牙型,检验被测螺纹的作用中径的实际尺寸;螺纹止规用来检验被测螺纹的单一中径。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>被测螺纹如果能够与螺纹通规自由旋合通过,与螺纹止规不能旋入或者旋合不超过<SPAN lang=EN-US>2个螺距,则表明被测螺纹的作用中径没有超出其最大实体牙型的中径。单一中径没有超出其最小实体牙型的中径,被测螺纹合格。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十七、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>螺纹规<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>螺纹规主要用于低精度螺纹工件的螺距和牙形角的检验。螺纹样板的各工作面均不应有锈蚀、碰伤、毛刺以及影响使用或外观质量的其它缺陷。样板与护板的连接应能使样板围绕轴心平滑地转动,不应有卡住或松动现象。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量螺纹螺距时,以螺纹样板组中齿形钢片作为样板,卡在被测螺纹工件上,如果不密合,就另外换一片,直到密合为止,这时该螺纹样板上记的尺寸即为被测螺纹工件的螺距。应尽可能利用螺纹工作部分长度,把螺纹样板卡在螺纹牙廓上,使测量结果较为正确。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量牙形角时,把螺距与被测螺纹工件相同的螺纹样板靠放在被测螺纹上面,然后检查它们的接触情况,如果有不均匀间隙的透光现象,说明被测螺纹的牙形不准确。这种测量方法只能粗略判断牙形角误差的大概情况。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十八、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>半径规(<SPAN lang=EN-US>R规)</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>使用时,应依次以不同半径尺寸的样板,在工件圆弧表面处作检验,当密合一致时,该半径样板的尺寸即为被测圆弧表面半径尺寸。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>外观及成套性要求同螺纹规。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>十九、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>塞尺<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>1、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>塞尺的测量精度一般为<SPAN lang=EN-US>0.01毫米。</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>2、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>测量时,应先用较薄的一片塞尺插入被测间隙内,若仍有空隙,则挑选较厚的依次插入,直至恰好塞进而不松不紧,该片塞尺的厚度即为被测间隙大小。若没有所需厚度的塞尺,可取若干片塞尺相迭代用,被测间隙即为各片塞尺尺寸之和,但误差较大。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>3、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>由于塞尺很薄,容易折断,使用时应特别小心,使用后应在表面涂以防锈油,并收回到保护板内。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 57pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN lang=EN-US>4、<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>塞尺的测量面不应有锈迹、划痕、折痕等明显的外观缺陷。<SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
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<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt">测量器具的选择原则</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt"></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoBodyTextIndent><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN>测量器具按其用途、特点可分为标准量规、极限量规、测量仪器和测量装配。选择测量器具的依据是被测对象的公差值的大小。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">对绝对测量来说,要求测量器具的测量范围要大于被测量的量的大小,但不要相差太大。因为用测量范围大的测量器具测量小型工件,不仅不经济,而且测量精度还难以保证。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoBodyTextIndent><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN>对比较测量来说,测量器具的示值范围一定要大于被测件的参数公差。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">在测量形状误差时,测量器具的测量头要做往复运动,因此要考虑回程误差的影响。当工件的精度要求高时,应当选择灵敏度高、回程误差小的高精度测量器具。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">对于薄型、软质、易变形的工件,应该选用测量力小的测量器具。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt"><FONT size=4><FONT color=#006400><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">对于精糙的表面,不得用精密的测量器具去测量。被测表面的表面粗糙度值要小于或等于测量器具测量面的表面粗糙度值。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 28pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT color=#006400 size=4>单件或小批量生产应选用通用(万通)测量器具,大批量生产应优先考虑专用测量器具。</FONT></SPAN></DIV></SPAN>