szsszs 发表于 2006-9-28 08:40:00

中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

<P>今天一早,看到我儿子转发的一篇博客,我又一次被震撼了,不敢独享,转发过来,让大家讨论讨论:</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://blog.csdn.net/tonylk/archive/2006/09/27/1296668.aspx"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>不能不转的好文</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>--</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>从另一个侧面看中国经济</SPAN></SPAN></A><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">竞争</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一词,终于成为中国人生活中的核心词汇、经济哲学。一般的理解中,竞争是一个比谁更优异的竞</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">优过程,其刺激创新、激励进步的作用几乎是理所当然的,但这种理解遗漏了一些重要的例外,相当多的情况下,竞争可能导致正好相反的结果。它不仅不能使竞争</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">参与者变得更优异,而且会使他们放宽自己的道德约束,不择手段,从而取得竞争优势。个人、团体间的竞争如此,国家间的经济竞争同样如此。全球化时代,国家</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在经济竞争中获取竞争优势的办法大致有两种,一种是加大经济活动中的科技、教育投入,在增加本国人民福利的情况下,提高经济活动的生产率,而另外一种相反</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的办法则是,以剥夺本国劳动阶层的各种劳动保障,人为压低他们的工资,放任自然环境的损害为代价,从而赢得竞争中的价格优势。后一种办法被形象地称之为竞</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">次</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(race <BR>to the bottom)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,即打到底线的竞争。顾名思义,在竞次的游戏中,比的不是谁更优秀,谁投入了更多的科技,更多的教育,而是比谁更次,更糟糕、更能够苛待本</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">国的劳动阶层,更能够容忍本国环境的破坏,一句话,是比谁更有能力向人类文明的底线退化。以竞次手段所获得的所谓竞争力,其内里是一个民族向道德野蛮状态</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的复归。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  好一个打到底线的竞争,似乎正是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代后中国的全球化实践的最佳隐喻。中国超低的劳动力价格,一直是中国某些经济学家津津乐道</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的所谓比较优势。与美国和日本比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">?</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国的劳动力成本大约相当于它们的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。对这样悬殊的劳动力价格差距,人们一般是将其当做与发达国家的某种天然差距坦然</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">加以接受的,不仅如此,有些</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">官员甚至还为此相当庆幸,似乎中国也终于有了某种不容剥夺的奇禀异赋。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  不过,仔细追究起来,这个低廉的劳动力价格就并非那么天然和正常了。在中国经济快速增长的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">26</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年之中,中国的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">GDP</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">增长速度是发达国家的好几</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">倍,但工资增长的速度却远远落后于这个幅度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在中国,在体制内人员工资出现刚性增长的同时,数量庞大的底层劳动者群体的工资却在表现出罕见的粘性</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">而在</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">日本的经济快速增长时期,日本工资的成长速度比美国快</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">70%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年就已经与美国持平。从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,日本的工资追上美国用了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年;而从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">78- 04</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,中国经济也高速增长了将近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,工资却只有美国的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。在制造业,中国的劳动力价格甚至比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代才开始快速增长的印度还要低</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10%(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">印度快速</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">增长的历史比中国晚了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">多年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。这实在相当让人费解。更让人费解的则是,从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代初期到现在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这是中国经济增长最快的一个时期</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,在中国最发达的珠江</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">三角洲地区,民工的工资竟</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年没有上涨。这不但对中国独步全球的经济增长构成了刺耳的嘲笑,也确证了中国工资增长的某种不自然性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  如今这种工资与经济增长反向运动的现象,已经开始从中国最下层的民工那里蔓延到所谓的知识阶层。这几年,在中国经济过热的同时,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国大学毕业生的工资出现了明显的下降,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">05</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年初,中国大学毕业生的工资已经被打到了每月</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">500-600</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">元的超低水平。一位在人才市场焦急寻找工作的大学</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">毕业生无奈地表示:这让人怎么活?按照这种劳动力价格趋势,再经过一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,中国与发达国家的差距恐怕只会越来越大。而中国世纪可能只是一段民族主义非</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">理性亢奋所留下的历史笑柄。将经济不断增长、工资却停滞不前</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">甚至不断降低</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的现象简单归咎于中国劳动力的无限供给禀赋是非常容易的,然而疑问在于,为什</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">么人口密度远大于中国,内部市场潜力远小于中国的日本没有出现这种现象呢?同样的疑问还有,如果由数量惊人的农民直接转换而来的农民工确实存在某种过剩的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">话,难道在中国人口比例中小得微不足道的大学生也存在无限供给吗?很显然,劳动力无限供给的说法只是一套似是而非,根本无法让人信服的肤浅说辞,是有人故</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">意强加给大众的一种学术蒙昧。事实上,劳动力价格从来就不是单纯的市场供求关系所决定的,而是政治、经济、社会、自然禀赋等多种因素综合作用的结果。所</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">以,中国超低的劳动力价格也并不是由什么自然禀赋所决定的,而是由一种人为的制度在起作用。其中,政治制度的作用相当关键。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  这是一种典型的政治过程,而不是市场原教旨主义者们众口一词的简单的市场过程。现在我们已经很清楚,在中国经济全速增长的整个过</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">程中,这种博弈的最终结果,是中国劳动者尤其是底层劳动者的毫无保留的惨败。所以,在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">21</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">世纪的最初几年中,当有人突然发现中国在全球竞争中的这个秘密,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">并将这个秘密当做中国的某种天然禀赋的时候,我们就很难不钦佩他们不求甚解、倒果为因的本领了。将一种政治过程的冷酷后果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">劳动力价格</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当做一种自然禀赋</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">并作为可资炫耀的比较优势欣然加以接受,当然早已不只是一种学术上的无能。应当坦率承认,有人已在公众意识中成功地塑造了一个神话,使我们误认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> -</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们面临激烈的国际竞争环境,如果我们的人民不延长工作时间、不降低工资要求、不降低保障水平,他们就会面临失业的危险。而实际情况是,中国的低工资更</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">多的是国内分配严重不均衡的一个结果,它既非国际竞争的结果,也非自然禀赋所致。低廉的劳动力价格固然可以在全球竞争中赢得有限但非常脆弱的比较价格优</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">势,也可以因为外汇储备的扩张、贸易的增长而为国家赢得某种强大的形象,但这种以牺牲人民福利,降低社会伦理标准为代价来换取所谓国家竞争力的办法,是一</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">种典型的竞次。难怪有西方评论家惊呼:中国正在摧毁资本主义!</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  显然,他并不是惊奇于中国的竞争力,而是惊奇于我们竟然能够如此轻而易举地逾越现代资本主义的伦理底线,向着野蛮、冷酷的原始资本主义时代倒退。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  对这个结论,只要看一看工厂中远远高于正常水平的工伤死亡率、远远超过正常水平的工作时间,就丝毫也不会怀疑了。或许,正是凭借</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这种野蛮的力量,我们才能让它的老牌资本主义对手不寒而栗。然而,野蛮的力量毕竟是野蛮的,它不可能与文明的力量做长久的赛跑。人力作为一个民族国家最重</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">要的生产要素,实际上是一个国家竞争力的根本。一个国家将人力资源打压至简单再生产的底线,就像一个工厂不提折旧费用一样荒谬。它纵然可以创造短期超常的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">产出,但决不可能成为最后的赢家。一个残酷的事实是,中国虽然有超低的劳动力价格,但如果考虑生产率因素,在劳动力密集型制成品方面,创造同样多的制造业</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">增加值,美国的劳动力成本仅仅相当于中国的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1.3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">倍,日本相当于中国的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1.2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">倍。而如果与韩国比较,中国的劳动力成本甚至比韩国还高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">20%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。这意味着,中</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">国用相当于美、日将近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">1/25</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的微薄工资换来的仅仅是非常微弱的劳动成本优势。这个优势随时可能被其他因素所抵消。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  全球化的竞争环境中,中国采取的竞次姿态是全方位的,这在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">上也表现得同样突出。自改革开放以来的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">多年中,中国已吸收的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">5000</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">亿美元,这个数字是战后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年间日本吸收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">倍。与此同时,中国自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">02</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年之后开始超过美国,成为年度吸收</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的全球冠军。有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">人宣布,中国已经成为世界</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一个巨大的磁极。作为一个发展中国家,中国在短时间中超越世界资本主义的首都美国,的确是非常令人吃惊的,绝大多数人也是</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">将此看成中国势如破竹的全球竞争力的一个明证而甘之如饴的。但正如我们在低工资中所发现的秘密一样,中国傲视全球的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">之中也同样隐藏着巨大的代价。除了低工资的吸引之外,全球</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">蜂拥而至的另外一个原因是,中国各地方</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">以竞次方式对自然资源、环境、市场,甚至是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">税收的甩卖。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  了解了中国</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的真实内容,就不会对下面这样一个事实感到惊讶了:在中国所有城市中,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">雄踞首位、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">GDP </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">排名全国第四的苏州市,在多项衡量居民富裕水平的指标上竟然落后于远处中国内陆的成都市。中国</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在增进本国人民福利水平上的作用由此可见一斑。更加重</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">要的是,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在未来影响本国居民收入上的负效应可能还远远没有显示出来。因为土地、自然资源可能在未来产生的现金流收益都在通过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">GDP</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在源源不断地外</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">流。把财富带走,把</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">GDP</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">留给中国,这就是竞次逻辑下</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的另外一面。学者曾对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的效果做出过某种宏观估计,如果假定</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的投资收益为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,主</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">要由</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">形成的国家外汇储备的投资收益为,那么中间这</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">个百分点的投资收益率差距,将意味着资本效率的重大损失。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  中国与日本一样,是储蓄率奇高,资本相当丰富的国家,但中国在改革开放</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">26</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年当中吸收的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不仅相当于日本战后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">倍,而且还在年度</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">数字上超过储蓄率低得可怜的美国,这实在是一个相当让人诧异的事实。这除了证明中国存在惊人的资本浪费之外,证明的另外一个事实是:中国节节升高的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">是一个政治选择,是一个非理性的体制做出的非理性的经济选择</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">虽然它对官僚体系的利益来说是一种理性选择</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。可笑的是,这种政治选择仅仅制造出了一些可以</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">唬人,可以炫耀的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">数据,而我们为此付出的代价却是国民福利的净损失。既然是体制的选择,那么,只要这个体制不变,这种竞次战略不走到不能承受的地步</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">就很难回头。学者在研究了一些地方</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF05</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年的经济计划之后发现,引进外资被普遍提升到经济发展生命线的高度。在改革时期,向中央</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">争取项目、投资,一</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">直是地方</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">官员发展经济首要的议事日程,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代中期之后,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">为这种传统思路开辟了另外一条捷径。如</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">??</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">则是洞开了财富的输出之门。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  我们不能怪国际资本太狡猾,太贪婪,只能怪自己太愚蠢。这个体制的独特优势仅在于,它可以未经国民允许就慷慨地牺牲本国国民的福</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">利,这显然不是一种荣耀。而资本总是流向那些劳动力价格最低廉、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">保证剥削力度最高的地方</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">包括对自然环境的剥削</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。毫无疑问,闻利起早的国际资本是非</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">常欢迎这种体制的,所以,他们乐于用最廉价的赞扬满足我们炽烈的虚荣心。中国在全球化竞争中的竞次手段,远不止于人为压低的工资价格,也远不止于土地收</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">益、财政收益的赠送。对环境破</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">??</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的让渡,对本土经济的歧视等等,都是这种竞次方式的体现。有太多的证据表明,在中国赢得世界工厂美誉的同时,中国的环境</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">破坏、能源消耗率、自然资源消耗率都已经达到令人难以忍受的地步。而这,正是世界工厂得以奠定的基础。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  在这个星球上,人们可能只见过赖账不还的发展中国家,却很少见到像中国这样奢侈和大方的穷国。在今天,中国无私地补贴着国际资</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">本。我们看到的是中国某种核心体制和文化的历史延续</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> -</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">一种一贯歧视、压抑本土自主民间力量的体制和一种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中心主义的战略文化。全球化时代,一个国家的竞争力主要体现在这个国家的企业所具有的竞争力上,作</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">为一种游离于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">之外的力量,企业比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">力量更容易跨越民族国家的边界。跨国企业巨头在全球化中越来越显赫的作用已经证明了这一点。然而,在整个转轨时</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">期,尤其是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代,中国在全球经济竞争中一直固守着一种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中心主义的战略姿态。这种战略将一个国家的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">而不是一个国家的企业和人民作为竞争的主体。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中心主义,作为中国内部全能</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">体制的延伸,是一个非常自然的结果。它要求将最大限度的财力集中在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,以形成某种调控能力和塑造某种名不副实的指标</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">形象,中国以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">控制为基础的汇率制度所形成的庞大的外汇储备,以</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">廉价出卖资源为手段所获得超高的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">FDI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,以压低人力工资和财政补贴所刺激的出口能</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">力,以及在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">投资为主强行拉动的经济增长率等等,都是这种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中心主义战略的结果。毋庸置疑,所有这些的确都为中国创造一个完美国际形象提供了数据上的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">支持,但同样毋庸置疑的是,所有这一切都在相当程度上是以本土企业的衰弱和人民的贫困为代价的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  如果仅仅是国家好像具有了某种竞争力,而企业变得衰弱,人民变得贫困,那么这种所谓国家竞争力就只能是一种昙花一现的假相。经济发展的本来目的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">是让人变得昂贵起来,而伴随着中国高速增长,人却变得越来越贱,越来越廉价,这种事实显然是对经济发展的一种扭曲。或许,在一个全球化的时代,对于一个经</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">济人似的国家官僚体系来说,要想获得了某种跨越民族国家范围的巨大寻租利益,蓄意维持一个贫困的底层和一群毫无竞争力的企业,就是它们所必须做的。与其他</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">国家相反,中国不仅没有保护本国市场尽量只面向本土企业开放,反而利用各种手段抑制本土尤其是本土民间企业。这使得本土企业无法充分利用本土市场所给予的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">宝贵的成长机会。这也是为什么号称拥有巨大市场潜力的中国,在长达</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">26</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年的时间中却没有成长出一家国际巨头的重要原因之一。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  在中国苏州,这个与全球化融合得最为彻底的中国东部沿海城市,四家曾经在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">80</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代中国市场上非常知名的本土家电企业</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">被称为四小</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">名旦</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,如今已经悉数销声匿迹,其中最为知名的一家如今在靠门面房出租苦苦度日。中国商务部</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">05</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年发表的一份报告承认:中国以市场换技术的初衷没有达到,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">跨国公司在中国已显露垄断苗头。但中国商务部显然不会承认,跨国公司之所以能够长驱直入是中国官僚体系蓄意削弱本土民间企业竞争力的结果。全球化的经济力</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">量不过是主动利用了中国体制的这个天然缺陷罢了。或者说,这是全球化力量利用各国的体制禀赋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">而非自然禀赋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">主动进行的一次全球配置。显然,跨国资本全球</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">化配置在中国的试验是一次成功的经典之作。很难想象,在全球化的激烈角逐中,由不满的劳工</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">+</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">低技术为主要构成要素的中国企业能够具备什么真正的竞争力。以</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">这样原始的竞争力,中国恐怕只有能力向非洲出口资本主义。事实上,这种竞争力的匮乏已经充分地表现在中国的贸易上。改革开放以来,中国的贸易总额迅速攀</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">升,世界贸易组织的统计表明,到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">03</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,中国的进出口额已经跃升为世界第四,世界第三。但伴随着贸易总额超高速增长的一个奇怪现象是:中国出口产品价格不</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">断降低,进口产品价格不断上升。进口产品价格上升而出口产品价格下降被认为是贸易条件恶化的典型症状。有统计表明,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">02</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,日本对华出口产品价格比</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">上升了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">3%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,而对华进口产品价格则大幅下降了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">18.4%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  仅此一项,日本每年从对华贸易中节省将近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">200</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">亿美元。与此形成对比的一个景象是,在中国华南的一家出口工厂中,电扇、榨汁机、烤面包机的平均批发价格从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年前的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">美元下降到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">03</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">美元。该厂的一位负责人感叹到,只有最廉价者才能生存下来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  中国贸易条件不断恶化的事实,在表面上看,仅仅是中国从不断增长的贸易中获得了越来越少的利益,而深层所表现的则是这样一个相当</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">符合逻辑但却令人不安的现实:中国企业的相对竞争力不仅没有随着经济的增长而上升,而是在不断下降。以跨国公司为标志的全球化力量对中国转轨的深度卷入,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在中国塑造了一种新的经济格局。一方面,跨国资本利用品牌和文化影响力占据中国少数富人和中产阶级的绝大部分消费能力。富人和中产阶级是中国最具有消费能</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">力的一个群体,而跨国资本的产品中所包含的某种文化内容,是最能够满足他们的品牌追求以及身份确认要求的。作为全球化的核心意识形态,消费主义首先是从意</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">识上,然后才是从经济上将中产阶级从民族国家内部分离出去,从而成为世界的中产阶级。所以,跨国资本一旦占据了他们的消费能力,实际上就将中国的市场从民</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">族国家的内部转移出去,变成了世界市场的一部分。另一方面,本土技术简单、生产率低下的制造业,由于全球性的生产过剩所导致的激烈竞争被跨国资本成功地纳</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">入全球生产体系,为跨国公司的全球生产体系提供简单的组装、加工、零部件生产等。于是,中国的底层劳动者实际上也就变成了世界经济体系的底层。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  很清楚,中国的阶层分化已经与世界性的阶层分化更加紧密地融合在一起。借助于本国政治体制和国际资本的双重力量,中国庞大劳动者的底层地位也将</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">更加稳固。这样,单一民族国家的经济体系由于全球化力量的嵌入而遭到了裂解。中产阶级的消费需求对应的是国际资本的供给,而本土制造业却由于无法掌握最终</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的销售渠道被变成了跨国资本的组装车间。对跨国资本来说,这样的组装车间世界各地到处都可以找到,他们随时可以挑选他们认为成本最低廉的地方。这就是说,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中国的制造业面临的不仅是本国同行的竞争,而且也面临世界范围内的激烈竞争。这种竞争为跨国资本最大限度压缩这些组装车间的利润提供了借口和现实的可能。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">当本土最大的消费需求无法转变为本土产业的合理利润的时候,产业的竞争力的升级是根本无法想象的。换言之,他们可能在相当长一段时间只能维持简单再生产并</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">被固定在世界经济体系价值链的低端而无法向上游移动半步。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> 然而,这并不是这种格局最为严重的后果。更加严重的后果在于,这些为中国提供了最多就业机会的本土制造业</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">也包括其他产业</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,由</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">于生存艰难、利润微薄而无法提升劳动者的工资水平,从而使他们陷入贫困陷阱。这是中国宏观经济经常表现为内需不足的重要原因之一。内需不足就必须扩大外</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">需,增加外需就必须和其他穷国竞争,这种竞争又导致不断压低工资以及其他成本,而这反过来会进一步导致内需的萎靡。这显然是一个难以自拔的需求陷阱。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  从社会结构上看,全球化力量的涉入,在二元结构上的基础上进一步加剧了中国社会结构的断裂,中国已经无法通过本土产业结构转型的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">传导作用推动社会结构的整合和转型。一个消费不能渐次向下层移动的断裂社会,其经济的长期增长潜力是非常值得怀疑的。一个合理的推断是,蜂拥而至的全球化</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">力量可能促进了中国的短期经济增长,但却阻断了中国的长期发展之路。改革开放的绝大部分时间中,官僚体系就一直奉行着抑制本土经济尤其是本土民间经济发展</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的政策。在无法平等分享金融、土地等要素资源的情况下,中国大量的本土企业要么与官僚体系结盟,形成一种多元化、短期化的战略文化,要么持续挖掘廉价劳动</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">力这个惟一的优势并将其发挥到极致。这两种情况都不可能形成长期的企业竞争力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  除了抑制本土经济之外,中国对外资却给予了税收超国民待遇,这也使得本土企业长期处于极其不利的竞争位置。中国对本土草根企业的歧视之深与对外资企业的优待之多,形成了非常显明的反差。一个最广为人知的例证是,外资的税收优惠在延续了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">多年之后,仍然无法取消。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  对此,中国的财政部长金人庆深感无奈。在一次会议上,他明确表示了他的不满:目前外资企业所得税率不到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">15%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,而中资企业为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> 33%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,这完全是不平等嘛,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">WTO</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">框架下,不说给中资企业优惠,至少要一视同仁,这才是国民待遇。我觉得,现在为中资企业说话的人太少了,而为外资企业说</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">话的人太多了。但金人庆可能不明白,在这种独厚于外资企业的怪现象背后,是全球化官僚在中国的崛起。全球化官僚是那些熟悉国际惯例,具</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">??</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的民族国家的官</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">僚。如果范围更加宽泛一些,全球化官僚还应该包括那些对中国官僚系统有着深刻影响的学术团体。这些官僚未必与跨国公司有着直接的利益牵涉,但是与跨国资本</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">家阶层有着深刻的文化认同。正是由于这种文化和意识上的认同,全球化官僚会不知不觉地偏袒国际资本,而这才是全球化真正的力量所在。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  跨国公司的全球化不仅仅是一种经济的力量,更是一种文化力量。隐性的文化力量要比外显的经济力量强大得多。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">01</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年,主管中国证券</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">事务的中国证监会,竟然要求</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">IPO</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、再融资时,必须由国际会计师事务所补充审计。国内的会计师事务所固然造假成风,不堪信任,但四大</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">国际会计事务所</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">也</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">同样可能造假。将制度建设的失败归罪于国内会计事务所并加以歧视性政策,当然是相当荒谬的。而其中反映的则是中国全球化官僚骨子里的一种文化自觉。早就有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">美国学者观察到,多数国家和城市中,具有全球意识的官僚和政界人士的力量已超过提倡民族经济的一方,这种正在中国充分浮现出来的力量,就是金人庆感受的那</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">替外资说话</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的无形力量。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  有迹象表明,跨国资本为了经济利益已经越来越广泛地卷入了中国的政治腐败案件。中国政治级别很高的建行行长张恩照的腐败丑闻即是</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">其中一例。完全可以预计,这种合谋在中国将会变得越来</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">??</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">资本的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">ZF</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">俘获能力要比中国本土企业强大得多。如果这种系统性的勾结真的成为现实,那么,中国的</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">官僚企业利用国家权力入股可能还能分得一杯羹,而中国本土的草根企业就将被置于一种完全失去话语权的危险的依附地位。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  这意味着,中国本土企业将被彻底固定在利润最微薄的价值链的最底层。下面的数据可以直观告诉我们价值链最底层企业的依附境遇究竟</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">是怎么回事:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">03</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年中国出口了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">53</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">亿双鞋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">(</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">相当于为世界上每个人生产一双鞋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">)</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,但中国企业可以获得的利润仅仅是总利润的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">20%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">,其余</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">80%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的利润都被拥有</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">品牌和销售渠道的发达国家厂商所获得。按照摩根士丹利一位经济学家的说法就是,中国仅仅得到了一点面包屑而已。在中国本土企业由于缺乏竞争力而逐渐被逼至</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">了附加值极低的世界价值链低端的同时,外资却占据了中国附加值极高的价值链的出口高端。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">93</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年之后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年中,工业机械的出口总额增长了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">20</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">倍,而其中外资</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">企业的出口比例从</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">35%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">跃升到接近</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">80%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。同时,在最能体现附加值的计算机及外围设备的出口中,外资企业占据的比例更是达到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">92%</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的绝对比例。其他高新技</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">术的情况也基本如此。外资在中国出口中的超高比例,与其他后发工业化国家如韩国、泰国等国的情况相比,相当的不寻常。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  有研究者由此认定,中国已经出现了外资替代效应。即正规制造业被外资取代的情况。如此看来,中国不过是一个为外资提供廉价劳动</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">力、廉价土地、有着超低环保标准、超低社会责任标准的生产基地。总之,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">90</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">年代之后,由于在全球化浪潮中选择了激进的竞次战略,中国已经成为国际资本正在</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">构建的全球经济体系中一个最廉价、最庞大的中转站。这大概就是中国作为一个大陆型经济体但外贸依存度却奇高无比的背后原因。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  然而,正当许多不求甚解的经济学家为中国的自由贸易所取得的巨大成就而陶醉的时候,世界银行与国际货币基金组织公布的一项最新研究却给他们当头浇了一盆冷水。这个研究得出的结论是:穷国的贫困并非由于缺乏自由贸易,因为贫穷国家的外贸依存度已超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR>40% -</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">远远高于富裕国家的平均水平。这等于说,外贸依存度奇高所表明的,可能并不是这个国家贸易的发达程度,而是这个国家的贫穷程度。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 10pt 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">  中国独特体制有这样一种功能:它可以将全球经济竞争的压力向内转移并转移给它的底层人民,而在国家层面上维持一种强大的形象。个</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">中奥妙,是长期生活在西方国家的人们所难以理解的。所以,在中国凭借各种强劲的指标引得观者如云,并博得阵阵惊叹的时候,它实际上可能是在表演一套魔术。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">不过,在一通让人眼花缭乱的东方功夫之后,我们也开始渐渐露出了最大的破绽,那就是:我们有一个庞大得惊人的底层人口和一群毫无竞争力的本土企业。这正</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">我们在全球化图景背后,看到的另外一个中国。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: gray; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">发表于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"> @ <A title=permalink href="http://blog.csdn.net/tonylk/archive/2006/09/27/1296668.aspx"><SPAN style="COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none">2006</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>年</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none">09</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>月</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none">27</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #cc0000; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>日</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #cc0000; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; text-underline: none"> 19:46:00</SPAN></A></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"></SPAN>&nbsp;</P>
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lucifer 发表于 2006-9-28 12:17:52

Re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

看完此帖,感到一种痛入骨髓的悲哀。小时候经常听老人说,你们这一代人(70年代)赶上好时候了,现在却越来越迷茫,也许我们是最无奈,最悲哀的一代。
今天人民币汇率中间价创新高 ,首次突破7.9元大关。这对于老百姓来说,祸福难料,可对于GCD来说,确实是值得吹嘘的一件事。

szsszs 发表于 2006-9-28 12:39:01

Re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

中国式的社会主义为什么连资本主义都不如?
中国究竟向何处去?
这样的文章真的不能不看!
看完后不能不想!!

demin 发表于 2006-9-28 13:05:55

Re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

原因谁都知道,可是不能随便说,即使说了也没用。

起步价 发表于 2006-9-28 15:04:25

re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

急功近利
为了政治生命牺牲国有资本
没什么好说的
等的矛盾尖锐到不可收拾的时候了就该那些外资好看了吧

ellieliang 发表于 2006-9-28 15:58:58

Re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

贴子还没看完,就突然想起一句话:中国已经没有制造业!
是真的么?

伊凡 发表于 2006-9-28 16:38:52

Re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

痛心疾首!

jinyucai 发表于 2006-10-8 17:00:09

re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

"让一部分人先富起来! "
   毛泽东时代的中国人民是为了祖国而奉献,我们这时期的劳动人民是为了"先富起来的一部分人及其先富起来 "而活着.

hpc74411 发表于 2006-10-13 20:20:35

re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

   一个如今还能表现出发展良好的国有企业,就很能生动形象的包罗了中国如今的各种现状。不求甚解、推诿扯皮、责任心不强、而功利心激增是中国教育的失败、是所谓高级知识分子没有完全消化鲁迅先生的文章,光有一个好船长能掌舵多少年?国人更应该紧密团结、发奋图强,励精图治,自助者天助绝对是真理。好环境要我们共同去努力争取的,呼吁+行动才是希望,想想走过25000里长征的先辈们,大家对信念的坚持才是胜利的保证啊......

hpc74411 发表于 2006-10-13 20:25:05

re: 中国经济高速增长近30年,我们为什么却越来越穷?

伟大的进步是呼吁+行动+坚持的果实,励精图治是我们实现共同的美好愿望的基石啊
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