几种典型螺栓组受力分析及螺栓载荷计算
在我们日常设计中，需要涉及到螺栓组的受力分析以及螺栓载荷计算，那究竟怎样去计算呢？总结了几种典型的螺栓组的计算分享给大家载荷类型：载荷平行于螺栓组的轴线，且合力通过被联接件结合面的形心工作要求：保证受载后结合面的紧密性https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/583890c216c940d5b08a5141329f1bac~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=1tpRRzDybJK4hp77c5iolhn0Sdk%3D
单个螺栓的载荷：各螺栓受工作载荷均等：https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/d41e2ea2a10f4209bb77c0644ea80a5c~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=oJvalwO62FOEvOP%2FJJn4np%2F6%2FWg%3D
式中z—螺栓的个数；Fw—作用于被联接件上的外力总和
载荷类型：载荷作用在被联接件的结合面上，且通过螺栓组的形心工作要求:在受横向载荷后,被联接件不允许有相对错动https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/57da8a1838be4d12bc40f6d0a3f52481~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=Fwb604rDeUniFK8Zs%2Bp5b7xkhqY%3D
采用普通螺栓联接时，各螺栓受力(预紧力)均等：https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/9409d967ce7b4bddabca95ea46d4d8d0~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=AXFTiL2l2WNc0pzZedPhmpr8Fck%3D
采用铰制孔螺栓联接时，各螺栓受力(切向力)均等：https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/016c67ebfd16472c953d1d2d2d2642e6~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=6HBDiAgsJLIBYX9MXCMfvpaPAjQ%3D
式中Kf—摩擦联接可靠性因子，取Kf=1.1～1.3；m—结合面数；μ—结合面间摩擦因数，可通过查表得到接近数值
载荷类型：载荷为作用在结合面上的旋转力矩T工作要求:受旋转力矩后,被联接件不能有相对转动https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/4f9eb80ceafc4a798cf6e69f7c1e4bf0~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=W2vn%2FYifODA4Cyn%2BDPifTHsxNY8%3D
采用普通螺栓联接时，各螺栓的预紧力均等：https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/7f3863088c694bf19627af8661b564d8~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=IUYk3LDqsHgPLX5dUqcQr6l4PDU%3D
采用铰制孔螺栓时，距螺栓组形心最远的螺栓受力最大：https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/47d7fc196a0244669fec94fbed01bc60~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=sGpJFKDSMBBT81Ja%2FaTkvOudjmo%3D
载荷类型：螺栓组受翻转力矩M工作要求:受载后,结合面不允许开缝和压溃https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/5ea2dd8fb5f44930a3ec553f341a4db8~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=rKBOKEiHQtw4fSy0QIwfJhGeijs%3D
距结合面对称轴最远的螺栓受工作载荷最大：https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/2c06612357ad4231b28879075a769854~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=wKRcZiXPXQjZp%2B9%2FbUKpzCR6Dhg%3D
螺栓最小预紧力:https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/b8eb13396fa64c2aae6ff67c9dd84e5e~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=wBdHXHVaLR%2BO38WI76rxbcK41OM%3D
允许螺栓最大预紧力:https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/3522ff32e4f34b4faf83544dc8ac265c~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&x-expires=1660612291&x-signature=ZhV5u5PHhs6zjNZEETr9opK0KCE%3D
σ—结合面材料的许用挤压应力,可通过查表得到接近数值
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